Eubank Jacob M, Oberlin Douglas J, Alto Andrew, Sahyoun Nadine R, Asongwed Elmira, Monroe-Lord Lillie, Harrison Elgloria A
Lehman College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, United States.
Front Nutr. 2022 Mar 16;9:841070. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.841070. eCollection 2022.
The onset of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is projected to expand over the next several decades in the United States as the population ages. However, the cognitive health burden is not equally distributed among the population, as Hispanics and African Americans are at higher risk of AD when compared with Non-Hispanic Whites. There is some evidence to indicate that cognitive decline may be associated with lifestyle factors and that interventions in these domains may prevent or delay this decline. These lifestyle factors include social engagement, physical activity, both aerobic and strength training, dietary intake, sleep and stress. This review summarizes, in general, what is known about the relationship between risk factors and cognition and, in particular what is known about this relationship in minority populations. The results show that the relationship between these risk factors and cognitive decline is stronger for some of the factors such as physical activity and dietary intake and weaker for the other factors depending on what is measured and in what populations. It does appear, however, that the studies in minority populations is limited and warrants more targeted research and interventions.
随着美国人口老龄化，预计在未来几十年里，痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病率将会上升。然而，认知健康负担在人群中分布并不均匀，因为与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔和非裔美国人患AD的风险更高。有证据表明，认知能力下降可能与生活方式因素有关，对这些方面进行干预可能会预防或延缓这种下降。这些生活方式因素包括社交参与、体育活动（有氧训练和力量训练）、饮食摄入、睡眠和压力。这篇综述总体上总结了关于风险因素与认知之间关系的已知情况，特别是关于少数族裔人群中这种关系的已知情况。结果表明，这些风险因素与认知能力下降之间的关系，对于某些因素（如体育活动和饮食摄入）来说更强，而对于其他因素则较弱，这取决于所测量的内容和人群。然而，少数族裔人群中的研究似乎确实有限，需要进行更有针对性的研究和干预。
