小儿急性肝衰竭。

Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.

Transplant Institute, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, NW 2 PHC, Washington, DC 20007, USA.

出版信息

Crit Care Clin. 2022 Apr;38(2):301-315. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.11.015.

DOI:10.1016/j.ccc.2021.11.015

PMID:35369949

Abstract

Pediatric acute liver failure is a rare process that results from many different diseases including toxin ingestion and drug overdose, infections, metabolic and genetic disorders, immune-mediated diseases, and ischemia. Up to 50% of children with acute liver failure will never have an underlying cause found. Early identification, supportive care, and disease-directed therapy are critical. For some children liver transplantation is needed for survival, but many children will recover with appropriate therapy, without the need for transplantation. Nonetheless, overall survival is approximately 50% without liver transplantation. Opportunities for improvement in the care of children with acute liver failure still exist.

摘要

小儿急性肝衰竭是一种罕见的疾病，可由多种不同的疾病引起，包括毒素摄入和药物过量、感染、代谢和遗传疾病、免疫介导的疾病以及缺血。多达 50% 的急性肝衰竭患儿永远找不到潜在病因。早期识别、支持性护理和针对疾病的治疗至关重要。对于一些儿童来说，肝移植是生存的必要条件，但许多儿童在接受适当的治疗后会康复，无需进行移植。尽管如此，未经肝移植的总体生存率约为 50%。在小儿急性肝衰竭的治疗中仍有改善的机会。