Warren Ann Marie, Khetan Ryan, Bennett Monica, Pogue Jamie, Waddimba Anthony C, Powers Mark B, Sanchez Katherine
Baylor Scott & White Research Institute.
Rehabil Psychol. 2022 May;67(2):226-230. doi: 10.1037/rep0000436. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Illness stigma has been observed across previous outbreaks including Ebola, SARS, HIV/AIDS, and now COVID-19. Although both the stigma of having COVID-19 as well as mental health impacts of COVID-19 have been studied, limited research exists regarding the relationship of stigma and mental health in this population. Thus, the primary purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between stigma and mental health in adults with COVID-19.
Adult respondents with a diagnosis of COVID-19 ( = 632) completed an online questionnaire distributed between April 17, 2020, and April 18, 2021. The study measures included the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 (PHQ-8), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and the 8-Item Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI-8) tailored to measure perceived stigmatization from a COVID-19 diagnosis.
Participants (mean age = 51) were mostly female (71%), White (73%), married (70%), obese (56%), and had a chronic health condition (56%). Female sex, education status, working from home or not working owing to COVID-19, previous mental health diagnosis, history of chronic illness, and being a current/former smoker were associated with higher stigma scores, whereas older age and Black race were associated with lower stigma scores.
Greater stigma and psychological distress was observed in females with a previously diagnosed psychiatric illness and/or chronic health condition. Our findings suggest a disproportionate burden of mental health/psychiatric symptoms/sequelae, including stigma and PTSD, among COVID-19 survivors with a history of mental illness. Further studies are needed to fully characterize COVID-19 related stigma and subsequent mental health experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
在包括埃博拉、非典、艾滋病毒/艾滋病以及现在的新冠疫情在内的以往疫情中，都观察到了疾病污名化现象。虽然感染新冠病毒的污名化以及新冠疫情对心理健康的影响都已得到研究，但关于这一人群中污名与心理健康之间的关系，相关研究却很有限。因此，本研究的主要目的是探讨新冠病毒感染成年患者中污名与心理健康之间的关系。
632名被诊断为新冠病毒感染的成年受访者完成了一份于2020年4月17日至2021年4月18日期间发放的在线问卷。研究测量工具包括患者健康问卷8项版（PHQ - 8）、广泛性焦虑障碍7项版（GAD - 7）以及为测量新冠病毒感染诊断所带来的感知污名化而量身定制的慢性病8项污名量表（SSCI - 8）。
参与者（平均年龄 = 51岁）大多为女性（71%）、白人（73%）、已婚（70%）、肥胖（56%）且患有慢性健康问题（56%）。女性、教育程度、因新冠疫情在家工作或失业、既往心理健康诊断、慢性病病史以及当前/既往吸烟与较高的污名得分相关，而年龄较大和黑人种族与较低的污名得分相关。
在先前被诊断患有精神疾病和/或慢性健康问题的女性中，观察到了更严重的污名和心理困扰。我们的研究结果表明，在有精神疾病病史的新冠疫情幸存者中，心理健康/精神症状/后遗症（包括污名和创伤后应激障碍）的负担过重。需要进一步研究以全面描述与新冠疫情相关的污名及随后的心理健康经历。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2022美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
