National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK.
Division of Infectious Diseases & HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2022 May 29;77(6):1506-1507. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkac077.
Research has demonstrated that antibiotic prescribing and use are social processes. Despite the availability of guidelines and policies for optimized use, many challenges remain. Whilst much of the research in antimicrobial resistance is focused on new drugs, the socio-cultural and socio-economic drivers for infections and antibiotic use are also important considerations. Context-specific solutions that are co-developed with end users are needed if we are to optimize the use of existing and new antibiotics. The threat of antimicrobial resistance is not subject to geographical boundaries, and to truly be effective, interventions need to have the potential to be scaled to different settings. The inequities in funding, knowledge generation, ownership and transfer between the global North and South must be acknowledged and eradicated. Striking a balance in funding and equity requires in-country capacity building for: (i) delivering sustainable research; (ii) assuring equitable representation in research outputs; and (iii) supporting career progression of researchers through further funding, to support the generation of locally owned knowledge that contributes to optimized healthcare systems and translation into clinical practice.
研究表明，抗生素的开具和使用是一个社会过程。尽管有优化使用的指南和政策，但仍存在许多挑战。虽然抗微生物药物耐药性的大部分研究都集中在新药上，但感染和抗生素使用的社会文化和社会经济驱动因素也是需要考虑的重要因素。如果要优化现有和新抗生素的使用，就需要与最终用户共同开发特定于具体情况的解决方案。抗微生物药物耐药性的威胁不受地理边界的限制，要真正有效，干预措施必须有可能在不同环境中推广。必须承认并消除全球北方和南方在资金、知识产生、所有权和转让方面的不平等。在资金和公平性方面取得平衡，需要在国内进行能力建设，以：(i) 提供可持续的研究；(ii) 确保在研究成果中有公平的代表性；和 (iii) 通过进一步的资金支持研究人员的职业发展，以支持生成有助于优化医疗保健系统并转化为临床实践的本地所有知识。
