Yasir Ziaul Haq, Basakran Fatimah Abdullah, Alhumaid Nora Ali, Balous Malek Abdulrahman, Banaeem Abdulrahman Salem, Al-Shangiti Ahmad Khaled, Khandekar Rajiv
Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2022 Mar 2;15(1):25-30. doi: 10.4103/ojo.ojo_114_21. eCollection 2022 Jan-Apr.
The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and determinants of refractive error (RE) and related ocular morbidities among preparatory and secondary Saudi students in Riyadh.
This study was conducted in 2017-2018 at preparatory (12-14 years) and secondary (15-18 years) schools. A "Spot Screener" was used to determine if the child passed or failed a refraction test. Fail test meant RE ≥ ± 0.50 D. Data were collected on refractive status in each eye, anisometropia, and strabismus. The type of RE was estimated and analysis was performed for an association to gender, age, and education levels. The use of spectacle while screening defined the compliance of spectacle wear.
The study sample was comprised of 708 Saudi students. There were 59.5% of boys. The prevalence of RE was 43.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.0, 47.3). The prevalence of RE in preparatory and secondary students was 44.5% and 43.2%, respectively. The proportion of myopia (≥ -0.5 D) and hyperopia (≥ +0.5 D) among students with RE was 82.2% and 17.8%, respectively. Family history of RE was positively associated to RE in students (odds ratio: 1.8 [95% CI: 1.3, 2.5]). The current screening initiative identified 45 (6.4%) new cases of RE who required spectacles. The compliance rate for using visual aid among students with RE was 74.6%. The prevalence of anisometropia and strabismus was 3.0% and 4.1%, respectively.
A high proportion of Saudi adolescence in Riyadh have RE. Periodic ophthalmic assessment and refractive services are recommended as part of school health screening initiatives.
本研究旨在确定利雅得沙特预备学校和中学学生屈光不正（RE）的程度及其决定因素以及相关眼部疾病。
本研究于2017 - 2018年在预备学校（12 - 14岁）和中学（15 - 18岁）开展。使用“便携式筛查仪”来确定儿童屈光测试是否通过。测试未通过意味着RE≥±0.50 D。收集了每只眼睛的屈光状态、屈光参差和斜视的数据。估算了RE的类型，并对其与性别、年龄和教育水平的关联进行了分析。筛查时眼镜的使用情况确定了眼镜佩戴的依从性。
研究样本包括708名沙特学生。其中男生占59.5%。RE的患病率为43.6%（95%置信区间[CI]：40.0, 47.3）。预备学校和中学学生中RE的患病率分别为44.5%和43.2%。在患有RE的学生中，近视（≥ - 0.5 D）和远视（≥ + 0.5 D）的比例分别为82.2%和17.8%。学生中RE的家族史与RE呈正相关（比值比：1.8 [95% CI：1.3, 2.5]）。当前的筛查计划识别出45例（6.4%）需要配镜的新RE病例。患有RE的学生中使用视力辅助器具的依从率为74.6%。屈光参差和斜视的患病率分别为3.0%和4.1%。
利雅得的沙特青少年中很大一部分患有RE。建议将定期眼科评估和屈光服务作为学校健康筛查计划的一部分。
