College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of History and Geography, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Apr 7;17(4):e0266392. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266392. eCollection 2022.
Northeast China is an important ecological barrier and commodity grain base in China. The coupling coordination relationship between geology-geomorphology and ecology has become a critical background condition for ecosystem protection and sustainable development. Taking Northeast China as a case (accounting for about 13% of China's land area), 9 divisions are divided according to the characteristics of regional ecology and geology-geomorphology, and 17 indicators are selected to build an evaluation index system. Methods of analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight and game theory are used to determine the index weights. Based on the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, the spatial coupling coordination characteristics of geology-geomorphology and ecology are studied. The variation characteristics of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are evaluated by Sen+Mann-Kendall (Sen+MK) method. Our results are as follows. (1) The coupling between geology-geomorphology and ecology is strong, but the spatial differentiation of CCD is obvious. Nine divisions are evaluated as two high-level, three medium-level and three low-level coordination types and one mild imbalance type. (2) The plain divisions Ⅰ and Ⅳ where the typical black soil belt is located are high coordination types. Restricted by geology-geomorphological conditions or ecological conditions, mountain divisions Ⅲ and Ⅶ and plain division Ⅴ are moderate coordination types, mountain divisions Ⅱ and Ⅷ and plateau division Ⅸ are low coordination types, and mountain division Ⅵ is mild imbalance type. (3) The variation trend of NDVI shows a significant increase in divisions Ⅲ, Ⅴ, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅶ. it shows a significant decrease in part of divisions Ⅳ, Ⅵ, Ⅷ and Ⅸ, and ecological management and construction should be strengthened in these divisions. The research shows that the CCD model method is feasible for evaluating the relationship between geology-geomorphology and ecology and can provide eco-geological background information for Northeast China.
东北地区是中国重要的生态屏障和商品粮基地。地质地貌与生态的耦合协调关系已成为生态保护和可持续发展的关键背景条件。以东北地区为例（约占中国土地面积的 13%），根据区域生态和地质地貌特征将其分为 9 个分区，选取 17 个指标构建评价指标体系。采用层次分析法、熵权法和博弈论确定指标权重。基于耦合协调度（CCD）模型，研究地质地貌与生态的空间耦合协调特征。采用 Sen+Mann-Kendall（Sen+MK）方法评价归一化植被指数（NDVI）的变化特征。结果表明：（1）地质地貌与生态耦合度较强，但 CCD 的空间分异明显，9 个分区被评价为 2 个高水平、3 个中水平和 3 个低水平协调类型以及 1 个轻度失调类型。（2）平原分区Ⅰ和Ⅳ，位于典型黑土带，属于高协调类型。受地质地貌条件或生态条件的限制，山地分区Ⅲ和Ⅶ和平原分区Ⅴ为中协调类型，山地分区Ⅱ和Ⅷ以及高原分区Ⅸ为低协调类型，山地分区Ⅵ为轻度失调类型。（3）NDVI 的变化趋势在分区Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅶ呈显著增加趋势，在分区Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ和Ⅸ部分呈显著减少趋势，这些分区应加强生态管理和建设。研究表明，CCD 模型方法可用于评价地质地貌与生态的关系，可为东北地区提供生态地质背景信息。
