Department of Psychology, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Ave. 611 Hunter North, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
Health Psychology and Clinical Science Doctoral Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Prev Sci. 2022 Aug;23(6):900-906. doi: 10.1007/s11121-022-01367-3. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
Rates of HIV diagnoses among young Black and Latino sexual minority men (SMM) have continued to increase since 2011; meanwhile, overall rates in the USA have decreased. Despite their importance, academic and medical institutions have often struggled to engage and recruit racial and ethnic minority SMM in HIV prevention services and research. The current study compares the success of two strategies for recruiting racial and ethnic minority SMM. Recruitment occurred in the context of a larger implementation study testing the effectiveness of a substance use and HIV prevention intervention among SMM at high risk for HIV infection. SMM (n = 778) were reached through either (1) field-based outreach conducted by two local community-based organizations (CBOs) delivering the intervention or (2) online recruitment coordinated by the trial's academic research partner. Field-based recruitment reached a significantly larger proportion of Black (42.9% vs. 18.2% reached online) and Latino individuals (40.3% vs. 28.1% reached online). Although online recruitment reached a greater proportion of SMM who met trial eligibility criteria (58.4% vs. 35.3% for field-based outreach; χ(1) = 38.471, p < .001), a greater proportion of eligible participants identified through field-based outreach actually enrolled into the study trial (30.9% vs. 18.8% for online recruitment; χ(1) = 7.82, p < .01). As a result, field-based recruitment required fewer recruitment staff hours (2.62 per enrolled participant) than online recruitment (3.46 recruitment staff hours per enrolled participant). Findings illustrate the potential for field-based, CBO-executed recruitment to reach Black and Latino SMM and for CBOs to successfully enroll those identified as eligible. Future prevention and implementation research should routinely engage community partners in the development of study recruitment strategies in a manner that can inform outreach and marketing efforts for HIV prevention research and prevention. Clinicaltrials.gov = NCT03488914.
自 2011 年以来，年轻的黑人和拉丁裔性少数群体男性（SMM）中的艾滋病毒诊断率持续上升；与此同时，美国的总体比率有所下降。尽管这些人群很重要，但学术和医疗机构在吸引和招募少数族裔 SMM 参与艾滋病毒预防服务和研究方面经常遇到困难。本研究比较了两种招募少数族裔 SMM 的策略的成功程度。招募工作是在一项更大的实施研究的背景下进行的，该研究测试了一种针对感染艾滋病毒风险较高的 SMM 的物质使用和艾滋病毒预防干预措施的有效性。通过两种途径招募了 778 名 SMM：（1）由两个提供干预措施的当地社区组织（CBO）进行的实地外展，或（2）由试验学术研究合作伙伴协调的在线招募。实地外展招募到的黑人和拉丁裔个体比例明显更高（42.9%比在线招募的 18.2%）。尽管在线招募到的符合试验资格标准的 SMM 比例更高（58.4%比实地外展的 35.3%；χ(1) = 38.471，p < .001），但通过实地外展识别出的合格参与者实际入组研究试验的比例更高（30.9%比在线招募的 18.8%；χ(1) = 7.82，p < .01）。因此，实地外展招募需要的招募人员工作时间（每位入组参与者 2.62 小时）少于在线招募（每位入组参与者 3.46 小时）。研究结果表明，通过实地、由 CBO 执行的招募方法可以接触到黑人和拉丁裔 SMM，并使 CBO 能够成功招募到被确定为合格的参与者。未来的预防和实施研究应常规让社区合作伙伴参与制定研究招募策略，以便为艾滋病毒预防研究和预防提供外联和营销工作的信息。Clinicaltrials.gov = NCT03488914。
