Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2022 Apr;42:1-7. doi: 10.1200/EDBK_349635.
Annually, nearly 2 million people are diagnosed with cancer. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Strong evidence supports exercise in the prevention of seven different types of cancers. Among cancer survivors, exercise across the cancer care continuum is effective at reducing various treatment-related adverse effects, such as fatigue, anxiety, and depression, and improves quality of life, physical function, sleep, and bone health. Considering the benefits of exercise for people living with and beyond cancer, there are several models to facilitate the implementation of exercise as part of the cancer care plan. These models span clinically supervised settings to supervised and nonsupervised community-based settings. Barriers such as payment and workforce development prevent the implementation of these programs nationwide. Oncology providers and cancer care team members also play an important role in promoting exercise to cancer survivors. In fact, a salient theme for motivating survivors to engage in exercise is support from their medical oncologist. Resources and tools are available to help the cancer care team motivate survivors to engage in exercise, such as enhancing enjoyment of the activity, goal-setting, self-monitoring, and social support. Together, exercise is beneficial across the cancer care continuum, and action can be taken right now to facilitate patient and survivor engagement in exercise.
每年有近 200 万人被诊断患有癌症。癌症是美国的第二大致死原因。有强有力的证据表明，运动有助于预防七种不同类型的癌症。在癌症幸存者中，贯穿癌症治疗全过程的运动可以有效减少各种与治疗相关的不良影响，如疲劳、焦虑和抑郁，并提高生活质量、身体功能、睡眠和骨骼健康。考虑到运动对癌症患者和康复者的益处，有几种模式可以促进将运动作为癌症护理计划的一部分。这些模式涵盖了从临床监督到监督和非监督社区为基础的环境。支付和劳动力发展方面的障碍阻碍了这些项目在全国范围内的实施。肿瘤学提供者和癌症护理团队成员也在促进癌症幸存者运动方面发挥着重要作用。事实上，激励幸存者参与运动的一个突出主题是得到他们的肿瘤医生的支持。有资源和工具可以帮助癌症护理团队激励幸存者参与运动，例如增强对活动的享受、设定目标、自我监测和社会支持。总之，运动在癌症治疗全过程中都是有益的，现在可以采取行动促进患者和幸存者参与运动。
