Indigenous Eye Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Eye (Lond). 2023 Jan;37(1):17-20. doi: 10.1038/s41433-022-02045-y. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
In the 1990s attention was drawn to the huge global problem of blindness and vision loss; most of which was unnecessary, being preventable or treatable. This led to the global initiative, Vision 2020. Over the last 30 years a lot of progress has been made in developing and implementing eye care programmes to address this and particularly to reach underserved populations. In 2019 the World Health Organisation produced the World Report on Vision that sets a clear pathway to develop Integrated Person-centred Eye Care. Indicators have been developed to track progress and national governments are to report on their progress. Data on eye health and vision loss have been collected from multiple population-based studies and analysed by the Vision Loss Expert Group. These data show that although the prevalence rates of vision loss and blindness are decreasing around the world, the actual number of people affected is slowly increasing. This is due to both population growth and the aging of the population. To provide the equity in eye care that is required, attention needs to be paid to integrating eye care into primary care and linking it with other specialist services. An important step is the training and development of coordinated eye care teams that are resourced to meet their population-based needs and to monitor the progress being made.
在 20 世纪 90 年代，人们开始关注全球范围内失明和视力丧失的巨大问题；其中大部分是可以预防或治疗的，不必要的。这导致了全球倡议“视觉 2020”的出现。在过去的 30 年中，在制定和实施眼科保健计划方面取得了很大进展，以解决这一问题，特别是为服务不足的人群提供服务。2019 年，世界卫生组织发布了《世界视力报告》，为制定综合以个人为中心的眼保健方案指明了明确的途径。已经制定了指标来跟踪进展情况，各国政府将报告其进展情况。通过对多个基于人群的研究进行收集和分析，视力丧失问题专家组对眼健康和视力丧失数据进行了分析。这些数据表明，尽管全球视力丧失和失明的患病率正在下降，但受影响的实际人数正在缓慢增加。这是由于人口增长和人口老龄化。为了提供所需的眼科保健公平性，需要注意将眼科保健纳入初级保健，并将其与其他专科服务联系起来。一个重要的步骤是培训和发展协调的眼科保健团队，为满足其基于人群的需求和监测正在取得的进展提供资源。
