Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Cytokine. 2022 Jun;154:155874. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155874. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected and killed millions of people, but little is known about the risk factors that lead to the development of severe, mild or asymptomatic conditions after infection. The individual immune response and the balance of cytokines and chemokines have been shown to be important for the prognosis of patients. Additionally, it is essential to understand how the production of specific antibodies with viral neutralizing capacity is established. In this context, this study aimed to identify positive individuals for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 in a large population of blood donors (n = 7837) to establish their immune response profile and to evaluate its viral neutralization capacity. The prevalence found for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 was 5.6% (n = 441), with male blood donors (61.9%) being more prevalent among the positive ones. The results showed that positive individuals for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 have high serum concentrations of chemokines, TNF, IFN-γ and IL-10. The analyses showed that the positivity index for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 is associated with the neutralizing capacity of the antibodies, which, in turn, is significantly related to lower serum concentrations of CCL5 and CXCL10. The results allow us to hypothesize that the development and maintenance of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in infected individuals occurs in a pro-inflammatory microenvironment well regulated by IL-10 with great capacity for recruiting cells from the innate and adaptive immune systems.
SARS-CoV-2 病毒已经感染并杀死了数百万人，但对于导致感染后出现严重、轻度或无症状情况的风险因素知之甚少。个体免疫反应以及细胞因子和趋化因子的平衡已被证明对患者的预后很重要。此外，了解具有病毒中和能力的特定抗体的产生方式也很重要。在这种情况下，本研究旨在鉴定大量献血者（n=7837）中 IgG 抗 SARS-CoV-2 的阳性个体，以确定其免疫反应特征，并评估其病毒中和能力。发现 IgG 抗 SARS-CoV-2 的阳性率为 5.6%（n=441），其中男性献血者（61.9%）在阳性者中更为常见。结果表明，IgG 抗 SARS-CoV-2 阳性个体的趋化因子、TNF、IFN-γ 和 IL-10 血清浓度较高。分析表明，IgG 抗 SARS-CoV-2 的阳性指数与抗体的中和能力相关，而抗体的中和能力又与 CCL5 和 CXCL10 的血清浓度显著相关。结果使我们假设，在感染个体中，IgG 抗 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的产生和维持发生在由 IL-10 很好调节的促炎微环境中，具有从先天和适应性免疫系统招募细胞的巨大能力。
