突触小泡的瞬时对接：意义与机制。
Transient docking of synaptic vesicles: Implications and mechanisms.
机构信息
Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/@ultrafastgrant.
Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/@unculturedTy.
出版信息
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2022 Jun;74:102535. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102535. Epub 2022 Apr 7.
As synaptic vesicles fuse, they must continually be replaced with new docked, fusion-competent vesicles to sustain neurotransmission. It has long been appreciated that vesicles are recruited to docking sites in an activity-dependent manner. However, once entering the sites, vesicles were thought to be stably docked, awaiting calcium signals. Based on recent data from electrophysiology, electron microscopy, biochemistry, and computer simulations, a picture emerges in which vesicles can rapidly and reversibly transit between docking and undocking during activity. This "transient docking" can account for many aspects of synaptic physiology. In this review, we cover recent evidence for transient docking, physiological processes at the synapse that it may support, and progress on the underlying mechanisms. We also discuss an open question: what determines for how long and whether vesicles stay docked, or eventually undock?
当突触小泡融合时，它们必须不断地被新的停靠、融合能力的小泡所取代，以维持神经递质传递。长期以来，人们一直认为囊泡是通过活性依赖的方式被募集到停靠部位的。然而，一旦进入这些部位，囊泡就被认为是稳定停靠的，等待钙离子信号。基于最近来自电生理学、电子显微镜、生物化学和计算机模拟的研究数据，出现了一种观点，即在活动过程中，囊泡可以在停靠和脱开之间快速和可逆地转换。这种“短暂停靠”可以解释突触生理学的许多方面。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了最近关于短暂停靠的证据，以及它可能支持的突触生理过程，以及潜在机制的进展。我们还讨论了一个悬而未决的问题：是什么决定了囊泡停留的时间长短，以及它们是否最终停靠或脱开？
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