Khozaei Fatemeh, Carbon Claus-Christian
Department of Architectural Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman.
Ergonomics, Psychological Aesthetics, Gestalt, Bamberg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 25;13:675529. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.675529. eCollection 2022.
While neighborhood safety and stranger danger have been mostly canonized to play a part in parents' physical activity (PA) avoidance, less is known about the impact of parental stress and perceived risk on children's PA avoidance and consequently on children's level of PA and wellbeing. Understanding the contributors to children's wellbeing during pandemic disease is the first critical step in contributing to children's health during epidemic diseases.
This study employed 276 healthy children, aged 10-12 years, and their parents. Data were collected in October and November 2020, about 9 months after the local closing of schools due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Parents and children answered a separate set of questions. Besides the demographic information, the parents responded to questions on their stress level, perceived risk of COVID-19, and PA avoidance for children. Children responded to questions on their PA and wellbeing in the last week. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS and IBM SPSS 22.
The result of the study supported the four directional research hypotheses of the sequential study model. As hypothesized, parents' stress and perceived risk levels of COVID-19 negatively affected children's PA. The PA level was shown to predict children's wellbeing and mental health. Housing type, parents' job security, number of siblings, number of members living together in-home, and history of death or hospitalization of relatives or family members due to COVID-19 were found to be associated with parents' stress and children's mental health.
This study sheds light on parents' role in children's wellbeing and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents with higher stress and high restrictive behaviors might put their children at risk of mental disorders in the end.
虽然邻里安全和陌生人危险在很大程度上已被视为父母避免进行体育活动（PA）的因素，但对于父母的压力和感知风险对儿童避免体育活动以及进而对儿童的体育活动水平和幸福感的影响，我们了解得较少。了解大流行疾病期间影响儿童幸福感的因素是在流行病期间促进儿童健康的关键第一步。
本研究纳入了276名10至12岁的健康儿童及其父母。数据于2020年10月和11月收集，此时距离当地因2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行而关闭学校约9个月。父母和孩子分别回答了一组问题。除了人口统计学信息外，父母还回答了关于他们的压力水平、对COVID-19的感知风险以及儿童避免体育活动的问题。孩子们回答了关于他们上周的体育活动和幸福感的问题。使用SmartPLS和IBM SPSS 22对数据进行了分析。
研究结果支持了顺序研究模型的四个方向性研究假设。如假设的那样，父母的压力和对COVID-19的感知风险水平对儿童的体育活动产生了负面影响。体育活动水平被证明可以预测儿童的幸福感和心理健康。研究发现，住房类型、父母的工作稳定性、兄弟姐妹数量、同住家庭成员数量以及亲属或家庭成员因COVID-19死亡或住院的病史与父母的压力和孩子的心理健康有关。
本研究揭示了COVID-19大流行期间父母在儿童幸福感和心理健康方面的作用。压力较大且行为限制较多的父母最终可能会使他们的孩子面临精神障碍的风险。
