Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Dis Markers. 2022 Mar 30;2022:7932655. doi: 10.1155/2022/7932655. eCollection 2022.
Colorectal cancer (COAD) is ranked as the third most common cancer and second in terms of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to its poor overall survival and prognosis, the incidents of COAD are significantly increasing. Although treatment methods have greatly been improved in the last decade, it is still not good enough to have satisfactory treatment outcomes. In recent years, immunotherapy has been successful to some extent in the treatment of many cancers but still, many patients do not respond to immunotherapy. Therefore, it is essential to have a deeper understanding of the immune characteristics of the tumor microenvironment and identify meaningful immune targets. In terms of immune targets, COAD has been poorly explored; thus, in the current study, based on the immune cell infiltration score and differentially expressed genes, COAD tumors were classified into hot and cold tumors. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to identify hub genes, construct a prognostic model, and screen potential immune targets. In total, 12 genes (, , , , , , , , , , , and ) differentially expressed between hot and cold tumors were screened out. Among them, was considered as a potential candidate gene, because it showed a significant positive correlation with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints (, , and ). Finally, we constructed and validated a new prognostic model for COAD showing 0.854 AUC for the ROC curve, and these results provide sufficient potential to choose as an important immune target for the prognosis of COAD.
结直肠癌（COAD）是全球排名第三的常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。由于其总体生存率和预后较差，COAD 的发病率显著增加。尽管在过去十年中治疗方法有了很大的改进，但治疗效果仍不尽如人意。近年来，免疫疗法在治疗许多癌症方面取得了一定的成功，但仍有许多患者对免疫疗法没有反应。因此，深入了解肿瘤微环境的免疫特征并确定有意义的免疫靶点至关重要。在免疫靶点方面，COAD 研究不足；因此，在本研究中，我们基于免疫细胞浸润评分和差异表达基因，将 COAD 肿瘤分为热肿瘤和冷肿瘤。使用最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO）回归分析来识别关键基因，构建预后模型，并筛选潜在的免疫靶点。总共筛选出 12 个在热肿瘤和冷肿瘤之间差异表达的基因（,,,,,,,,,,, 和 ）。其中， 被认为是一个潜在的候选基因，因为它与免疫细胞浸润和免疫检查点（,, 和 ）呈显著正相关。最后，我们构建并验证了一个用于 COAD 的新预后模型，ROC 曲线的 AUC 为 0.854，这些结果为选择 作为 COAD 预后的重要免疫靶点提供了充分的潜力。
