Peng Yan, Wang Yuanyuan, Zhou Cheng, Mei Wuxuan, Zeng Changchun
Department of Obstetrics, Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.
Front Oncol. 2022 Mar 24;12:819128. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.819128. eCollection 2022.
Cancer is a severe public health issue that is a leading cause of mortality globally. It is also an impediment to improving life expectancy worldwide. Furthermore, the global burden of cancer incidence and death is continuously growing. Current therapeutic options are insufficient for patients, and tumor complexity and heterogeneity necessitate customized medicine or targeted therapy. It is critical to identify potential cancer therapeutic targets. Aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has a significant role in carcinogenesis. This review summarized oncogenic PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway alterations in cancer and various cancer hallmarks associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, such as cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance. Importantly, this review provided recent advances in PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor research. Overall, an in-depth understanding of the association between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and tumorigenesis and the development of therapies targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway will help make clinical decisions.
癌症是一个严重的公共卫生问题，是全球主要的死亡原因。它也是提高全球预期寿命的一个障碍。此外，全球癌症发病率和死亡负担在持续增加。目前的治疗选择对患者来说并不充分，而且肿瘤的复杂性和异质性需要定制药物或靶向治疗。识别潜在的癌症治疗靶点至关重要。PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路的异常激活在致癌过程中起重要作用。本综述总结了癌症中致癌性PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路的改变以及与PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路相关的各种癌症特征，如细胞增殖、自噬、凋亡、血管生成、上皮-间质转化（EMT）和化疗耐药性。重要的是，本综述介绍了PI3K/AKT/mTOR抑制剂研究的最新进展。总体而言，深入了解PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路与肿瘤发生之间的关联以及开发针对PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路的疗法将有助于做出临床决策。
