Behavioral Response, Fumigation Activity, and Contact Activity of Plant Essential Oils Against Tobacco Beetle ( (F.)) Adults.

Tobacco beetle ( (F.)) is one of the main storage pests that harm tobacco leaves. The current control methods mainly include physical control, chemical control, and biological control, but they all have their own disadvantages. In this study, 22 kinds of plant essential oils in grapefruit, peppermint, juniper, eucalyptus, myrrh, lemon grass, geranium, tea tree, cypress, citronella, patchouli, benzoin, rosemary, cinnamon, clary sage, bergamot, mastic, ginger, rose hydrosol, cedar, thyme, and basil, respectively, are selected to explore their behavioral responses against adults using a glass Y-tube olfactometer. The behavioral responses results show that 17 kinds of essential oils in eucalyptus, basil, grapefruit, cypress, mastic, peppermint, patchouli, juniper, geranium, thyme, benzoin, lemon grass, cinnamon, ginger, rosemary, clary sage, and citronella can avoid adults, while five kinds of essential oils in tea tree, rose hydrosol, myrrh, bergamot, and cedar can attract adults. Especially, essential oils in eucalyptus and grapefruit can avoid adults at 1 μl/L with the repellent rates of 94.67 and 94.56%, respectively. Meanwhile, 17 kinds of essential oils which can avoid adults are selected to determine their fumigation activity against adults using the Erlenmeyer flask test method, and bioassay results show that after 72 h of treatment, five kinds of plant essential oils in rosemary, eucalyptus, basil, citronella, and geranium show excellent fumigation activity against adults with the mortality rates of 100.00, 95.29, 95.29, 94.12, and 91.76%, respectively, and their LD of the contact activity against adults determined using the leaf-dipping method are 3.60, 3.49, 8.90, 6.70, and 7.80 μl/L, respectively. Our results show that plant essential oils could be developed as environmentally friendly insect control agents.