Wickenheiser Ray A
New York State Police Crime Laboratory System, Albany, NY, USA.
Forensic Sci Int Synerg. 2022 Apr 5;4:100226. doi: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2022.100226. eCollection 2022.
DNA databases effectively develop investigative leads, with database size being directly proportional to increased chances of solving crimes as demonstrated by a business case including a universal STR database example. DNA database size can be expanded physically by increasing the number and type of qualifying offenses, adding arrestees, or moving towards a universal database. The theoretical size of a DNA database can also be increased scientifically by using the inherent nature of DNA sharing by biologically related individuals by using an indirect matching strategy including Partial Matching, Familial Searching, and Investigative Genetic Genealogy (IGG). A new strategy is introduced using areas of shared DNA as a search key to locate potential relatives for further kinship evaluation. New search key strategies include Y-STR, mtDNA, and X Chromosome searching to locate potential relatives, coupled with kinship and genetic genealogical research, as well as expanded use of unidentified human remains (UHRs).
DNA数据库有效地推动了调查线索的发展，正如一个包含通用STR数据库示例的商业案例所表明的那样，数据库规模与破案几率的增加直接成正比。DNA数据库的规模可以通过增加合格犯罪的数量和类型、纳入被捕者或朝着通用数据库发展来实际扩大。DNA数据库的理论规模也可以通过利用生物学相关个体之间DNA共享的内在性质，采用包括部分匹配、家族搜索和调查性遗传系谱（IGG）在内的间接匹配策略来科学地扩大。引入了一种新策略，即利用共享DNA区域作为搜索关键字来定位潜在亲属，以便进行进一步的亲属关系评估。新的搜索关键字策略包括Y-STR、线粒体DNA和X染色体搜索，以定位潜在亲属，同时进行亲属关系和遗传系谱研究，以及扩大对身份不明人类遗骸（UHRs）的利用。
