Li Tao, Dai Fengli, He Yufeng, Xu Daqian, Wang Rongmin
School of Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Institute of Polymer, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Apr 3;14(7):1461. doi: 10.3390/polym14071461.
In the Loess Plateau region, the poor structure and properties of loess slopes will cause many types of geological disasters such as landslides, mudflow, land collapse, soil erosion, and ground cracking. In this paper, an eco-friendly polymer composite fertilizer (PCF) based on corn straw wastes (CS) and geopolymer synthesized from loess was studied. The characterization by FT-IR of the PCF confirmed that graft copolymer is formed, while morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy showed that geopolymer and urea were embedded in the polymer porous network. The effects of PCF contents on the compressive strength of loess were investigated. The PCF was characterized in terms of surface curing test, temperature and freeze-thaw aging property, water and wind erosion resistance, and remediation soil acidity and alkalinity property, which indicates that PCF can improve loess slope fixation and stability by physical and chemical effects. Moreover, the loess slope planting experiment showed that PCF can significantly increase the germination rate of vegetation from 31% to 68% and promote the survival rate of slope vegetation from 45.2% to 67.7% to enhance biological protection for loess slopes. The PCF meets the demands of building and roadbed slope protection and water-soil conservation in arid and semi-arid regions, which opens a new application field for multifunctional polymer composite fertilizers with low cost and environmental remediation.
在黄土高原地区，黄土边坡结构和性质不佳会引发多种地质灾害，如滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷、土壤侵蚀和地面裂缝等。本文研究了一种基于玉米秸秆废弃物（CS）和由黄土合成的地质聚合物的环保型聚合物复合肥料（PCF）。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）对PCF进行表征，证实形成了接枝共聚物，而通过扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析的形态学分析表明，地质聚合物和尿素嵌入在聚合物多孔网络中。研究了PCF含量对黄土抗压强度的影响。对PCF进行了表面固化试验、温度和冻融老化性能、抗水蚀和风蚀性能以及改良土壤酸碱度性能等方面的表征，这表明PCF可通过物理和化学作用提高黄土边坡的固定性和稳定性。此外，黄土边坡种植试验表明，PCF能显著提高植被发芽率，从31%提高到68%，并将边坡植被成活率从45.2%提高到67.7%，从而增强对黄土边坡的生物保护。PCF满足了干旱和半干旱地区建筑和路基边坡防护及水土保持的需求，为低成本和环境修复的多功能聚合物复合肥料开辟了新的应用领域。
