Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
Cells. 2022 Mar 31;11(7):1176. doi: 10.3390/cells11071176.
Extreme preterm birth disrupts late lung development and puts newborns at risk of developing chronic lung disease, known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD can be associated with life-long complications, and currently no effective treatment is available. Cell therapies are entering the clinics to curb complications of extreme preterm birth with several clinical trials testing the feasibility, safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The therapeutic effect of MSCs is contained in their secretome, and nanosized membranous structures released by the MSCs, known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), have been shown to be the therapeutic vectors. Driven by this discovery, the efficacy of EV-based therapy is currently being explored in models of BPD. EVs derived from MSCs, contain a rich cargo of anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic molecules, making them suitable candidates to treat multifactorial diseases such as BPD. Here, we review the state-of-the-art of preclinical studies involving MSC-derived EVs in models of BPD and highlight technical and regulatory challenges that need to be addressed before clinical translation. In addition, we aim at increasing awareness regarding the importance of rigorous reporting of experimental details of EV experiments and to increase the outreach of the current established guidelines amongst researchers in the BPD field.
极早产扰乱了晚期肺发育，使新生儿有罹患支气管肺发育不良（BPD）的风险。BPD 可能会伴随终生并发症，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。细胞疗法正进入临床，以抑制极早产的并发症，多项临床试验正在测试间充质基质细胞（MSCs）的可行性、安全性和疗效。MSCs 的治疗效果包含在其分泌组中，而 MSCs 释放的纳米级膜状结构，即细胞外囊泡（EVs），已被证明是治疗载体。受这一发现的推动，EV 疗法的疗效目前正在 BPD 模型中进行探索。MSCs 衍生的 EV 中含有丰富的抗炎和促血管生成分子，使其成为治疗 BPD 等多因素疾病的合适候选物。在这里，我们回顾了涉及 BPD 模型中 MSC 衍生 EV 的临床前研究的最新进展，并强调了在临床转化之前需要解决的技术和监管挑战。此外，我们旨在提高人们对 EV 实验实验细节严格报告的重要性的认识，并增加当前既定指南在 BPD 领域研究人员中的影响力。
