Zhang Yufeng, Kan Jintao, Tang Minmin, Song Fei, Li Niu, Zhang Youlin
College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Hainan Engineering Center of Coconut Further Processing, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China.
Foods. 2022 Mar 23;11(7):916. doi: 10.3390/foods11070916.
In order to promote the development and utilization of coconut haustorium (CH). The basic chemical composition, volatile profiles and antioxidant activities of three haustoria with different transverse diameters were investigated. Results showed large coconut haustorium (LCH) contained more soluble sugar (47.10%) and reducing sugar (17.68%), while small coconut haustorium (SCH) possessed more ash (10.17%), protein (9.22%) and fat (5.03%). All CH were rich in potassium (4.06-4.69%) and phosphorus (0.39-0.50%). The fatty acid composition of SCH and amino acid composition of middle coconut haustorium (MCH) was more reasonable, which indicated its relatively higher nutritive value. Acids ranging from 26.90% to 60.82% were the dominant volatile components in CH, especially isobutyric acid whose relative content in SCH was up to 56.78%. The haustorium extract with polysaccharide as the main component has certain antioxidant activities, the half eliminating concentration (EC values) of LCH on hydroxyl radical and SCH on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical were 8.33, 1.18 and 2.44 mg/mL, respectively. These results provided a reference for the development and utilization of different CH as a raw material in functional food or dietary additives.
为促进椰果吸器（CH）的开发利用。对三种不同横径的吸器的基本化学成分、挥发性成分和抗氧化活性进行了研究。结果表明，大椰果吸器（LCH）含有更多的可溶性糖（47.10%）和还原糖（17.68%），而小椰果吸器（SCH）含有更多的灰分（10.17%）、蛋白质（9.22%）和脂肪（5.03%）。所有CH都富含钾（4.06 - 4.69%）和磷（0.39 - 0.50%）。SCH的脂肪酸组成和中椰果吸器（MCH）的氨基酸组成更合理，表明其营养价值相对较高。酸类在CH的挥发性成分中占主导地位，含量在26.90%至60.82%之间，尤其是异丁酸，其在SCH中的相对含量高达56.78%。以多糖为主要成分的吸器提取物具有一定的抗氧化活性，LCH对羟基自由基的半数清除浓度（EC值）以及SCH对2,2 - 二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼（DPPH）和2,2'-联氮 - 双 -（3 - 乙基苯并噻唑啉 - 6 - 磺酸）（ABTS）自由基的半数清除浓度分别为8.33、1.18和2.44 mg/mL。这些结果为不同CH作为功能性食品或膳食添加剂的原料开发利用提供了参考。
