Nugroho Agus Dwi, Cubillos Tovar Julieth P, Bopushev Stalbek Toktosunovich, Bozsik Norbert, Fehér István, Lakner Zoltan
Doctoral School of Economic and Regional Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Godollo, Hungary.
Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Foods. 2022 Mar 23;11(7):924. doi: 10.3390/foods11070924.
Developing countries will be home to 85% of the world's population by 2030. Hence, it is important to ensure food security for them. This effort is not easy, as the number of undernourished people (NUP) in the world has increased. We investigated the impact of food and non-production factors on the NUP in developing countries. This study employed secondary data from 57 developing countries between 2002 and 2018. These countries come from three regions, namely Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. One-step and two-step generalized method of moments (sys-GMM) models were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the food production index, cereal import dependency ratio, economic globalization index, and human capital index had different effects on the NUP in each region. The excellent news is that corruption control can help developing countries minimize their NUP. Based on the findings, we propose efforts to improve physical and economical food access and control corruption, and developing country governments and the international community must demonstrate a strong commitment to reducing the prevalence of undernourishment.
到2030年，发展中国家将拥有全球85%的人口。因此，确保这些国家的粮食安全至关重要。这项工作并不容易，因为世界上营养不良人口的数量有所增加。我们调查了粮食和非生产因素对发展中国家营养不良人口的影响。本研究使用了2002年至2018年间57个发展中国家的二手数据。这些国家来自三个地区，即非洲、亚洲以及拉丁美洲和加勒比地区。采用一步法和两步法广义矩估计（sys-GMM）模型对数据进行分析。研究结果表明，粮食生产指数、谷物进口依存度、经济全球化指数和人力资本指数对各地区的营养不良人口有不同影响。好消息是，控制腐败有助于发展中国家将营养不良人口数量降至最低。基于这些发现，我们建议努力改善实际和经济上的粮食获取情况并控制腐败，发展中国家政府和国际社会必须坚定致力于降低营养不良的发生率。
