Jeffery Kate, Guo Wanying, Ball Danny, Rodriguez-Sanchez Julia
Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
J Navig. 2022 Jan;75(1):1-14. doi: 10.1017/S0373463321000588.
We investigated the contribution of visual imagination to the cognitive mapping of a building when initial exploration was simulated either visually by using a passive video walk-through, or mentally by using verbal guidance. Building layout had repeating elements with either rotational or mirror symmetry. Cognitive mapping of the virtual building, determined using questionnaires and map drawings, was present following verbal guidance but inferior to that following video guidance. Mapping was not affected by the building's structural symmetry. However, notably, it correlated with small-scale mental rotation scores for both video and verbal guidance conditions. There was no difference between males and females. A common factor that may have influenced cognitive mapping was the availability of visual information about the relationships of the building elements, either directly perceived (during the video walk-through) or imagined (during the verbal walk-through and/or during recall). Differences in visual imagination, particularly mental rotation, may thus account for some of the individual variance in cognitive mapping of complex built environments, which is relevant to how designers provide navigation-relevant information.
我们研究了在通过使用被动视频浏览进行视觉模拟初始探索，或通过使用语言指导进行心理模拟初始探索时，视觉想象对建筑物认知地图构建的贡献。建筑布局具有旋转对称或镜像对称的重复元素。使用问卷和地图绘制确定的虚拟建筑认知地图，在语言指导后存在，但不如视频指导后的认知地图。地图构建不受建筑物结构对称性的影响。然而，值得注意的是，它与视频和语言指导条件下的小规模心理旋转分数相关。男性和女性之间没有差异。一个可能影响认知地图构建的共同因素是关于建筑元素关系的视觉信息的可用性，这些信息可以直接感知（在视频浏览期间）或想象（在语言浏览期间和/或回忆期间）。因此，视觉想象的差异，特别是心理旋转，可能是复杂建筑环境认知地图构建中个体差异的部分原因，这与设计师如何提供与导航相关的信息有关。
