Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Voice. 2024 Sep;38(5):1103-1114. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.02.017. Epub 2022 Apr 11.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of voice disorders and related factors in university professors.
In this systematic review, Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Eric, ProQuest, Magiran, Scientific Information Database and IranDoc databases were searched. The search was limited to January 1990 and May 2020. The inclusion criteria were reports of the prevalence of voice disorders in university professors and original studies in English and Persian languages. The exclusion criteria were studies assessing voice disorders in school or music teachers; the full-text not available; and case studies, conference papers, and review studies. All eligible studies were selected and critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Finally, a meta-analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 statistical software.
The preliminary search yielded 1251 articles and 18 of which met the eligibility criteria. The overall prevalence of voice disorders in university professors was 41% (Pooled prevalence: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.34-0.49, P-value < 0.001). Country-based analysis showed that the highest prevalence of voice disorders among university professors was in Iran 69% (Pooled prevalence: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.62-0.76) and the lowest was in China 20% (Pooled prevalence: 0.20, CI: 0.14-0.27). Among 4037 university professors, caffeine consumption was the most frequent related factor (87%) and dry throat was the most frequent symptom (46%).
The present study yielded about 41% of the professors had voice disorders. Among the influential habits, caffeine consumption and among the symptoms, dry throat were very common in university professors. Due to the cross-sectional nature of our studies, we were not able to perform further analyses on the risk factors for voice disorders. Therefore, more longitudinal surveys are needed for reaching a more reliable and deep view into the development of voice disorders.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在估计大学教授中声音障碍及相关因素的患病率。
在本系统评价中，检索了 Medline、Scopus、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、Eric、ProQuest、Magiran、科学信息数据库和 IranDoc 数据库。检索时间限制为 1990 年 1 月至 2020 年 5 月。纳入标准为报告大学教授中声音障碍患病率的研究以及英文和波斯语的原始研究。排除标准为评估学校或音乐教师声音障碍的研究；全文不可用；以及病例研究、会议论文和综述研究。所有符合条件的研究均采用 Joanna Briggs 研究所清单进行选择和严格评价。最后，使用 STATA 16.0 统计软件进行荟萃分析。
初步检索得到 1251 篇文章，其中 18 篇符合纳入标准。大学教授中声音障碍的总体患病率为 41%（汇总患病率：0.41，95%CI：0.34-0.49，P 值<0.001）。基于国家的分析显示，大学教授中声音障碍的患病率最高的是伊朗，为 69%（汇总患病率：0.69，95%CI：0.62-0.76），最低的是中国，为 20%（汇总患病率：0.20，CI：0.14-0.27）。在 4037 名大学教授中，咖啡因摄入是最常见的相关因素（87%），而喉咙干燥是最常见的症状（46%）。
本研究显示约 41%的教授患有声音障碍。在有影响的习惯中，咖啡因摄入和症状中，喉咙干燥在大学教授中非常常见。由于我们研究的横断面性质，我们无法对声音障碍的危险因素进行进一步分析。因此，需要进行更多的纵向调查，以更可靠和深入地了解声音障碍的发展。
