Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Department of Women and Children and Community Health, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 29;12:836987. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.836987. eCollection 2022.
There is evidence that the gut microbiota play a regulatory role in the occurrence and progression of tuberculosis. The purpose of the current study was to explore the alterations in gut microbiome under different tuberculosis disease stages in the Uyghur population, clarify the composition of microbial taxonomy, search for microbial biomarkers and provide innovative ideas for individual immune prevention and for control strategies.
A case-control study of Uyghur individuals was performed using 56 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), 36 cases of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and 50 healthy controls (HC), from which stool samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
The results showed that the alpha diversity indexes of the PTB group were lower than those of the other two groups (P <0.001), while only observed species were different between LTBI and HC (P <0.05). Beta diversity showed differences among the three groups (P = 0.001). At the genus level, the relative abundance of and increased, while and decreased in the PTB group, when compared with the other two groups, but the changes between the LTBI and HC groups were not significant. The classifier in the test set showed that the ability of the combined genus to distinguish between each two groups was 81.73, 87.26, and 86.88%, respectively, and the validation efficiency was higher than that of a single screened genus.
The gut microbiota of PTB patients was significantly disordered compared with LTBI and HC, while the changes of LTBI and HC were not significant. In the future, gut microbiota could be used as a non-invasive biomarker to assess disease activity.
有证据表明，肠道微生物群在结核病的发生和发展中起调节作用。本研究旨在探讨维吾尔族人群在不同结核病阶段肠道微生物组的变化，阐明微生物分类组成，寻找微生物生物标志物，并为个体免疫预防和控制策略提供创新思路。
采用病例对照研究，纳入 56 例肺结核（PTB）、36 例潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）和 50 例健康对照（HC）的维吾尔族个体，采集粪便样本进行 16S rRNA 基因测序。
结果显示，PTB 组的 alpha 多样性指数低于其他两组（P<0.001），而 LTBI 和 HC 组之间仅观察到物种不同（P<0.05）。β多样性显示三组之间存在差异（P=0.001）。在属水平上，与其他两组相比，PTB 组的 和 相对丰度增加， 和 减少，但 LTBI 和 HC 组之间的变化不显著。在测试集中，分类器显示联合属区分每组的能力分别为 81.73%、87.26%和 86.88%，验证效率高于单一筛选属。
与 LTBI 和 HC 相比，PTB 患者的肠道微生物群明显失调，而 LTBI 和 HC 的变化不明显。未来，肠道微生物群可以作为一种非侵入性生物标志物来评估疾病活动度。
