Department of pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China.
Clin Exp Metastasis. 2022 Aug;39(4):521-539. doi: 10.1007/s10585-022-10163-w. Epub 2022 Apr 16.
Distant metastasis is the major contributor to the high mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). To overcome the poor prognosis caused by distant metastasis, the mechanisms of CRC metastasis should be further explored. Epigenetic events are the main mediators of gene regulation and further affect tumor progression. Recent studies have found that some epigenetic enzymes are often dysregulated or mutated in multiple tumor types, which prompted us to study the roles of these enzymes in CRC metastasis. In this review, we summarized the alteration of enzymes related to various modifications, including histone modification, nonhistone modification, DNA methylation, and RNA methylation, and their epigenetic mechanisms during the progression of CRC metastasis. Existing data suggest that targeting epigenetic enzymes is a promising strategy for the treatment of CRC metastasis.
远处转移是导致结直肠癌（CRC）高死亡率的主要原因。为了克服远处转移带来的不良预后，需要进一步探索 CRC 转移的机制。表观遗传事件是基因调控的主要介质，进一步影响肿瘤的进展。最近的研究发现，一些表观遗传酶在多种肿瘤类型中经常失调或突变，这促使我们研究这些酶在 CRC 转移中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了与各种修饰相关的酶的改变，包括组蛋白修饰、非组蛋白修饰、DNA 甲基化和 RNA 甲基化，以及它们在 CRC 转移进展过程中的表观遗传机制。现有数据表明，靶向表观遗传酶是治疗 CRC 转移的一种有前途的策略。
