Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Jul 1;308:596-606. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.073. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Accurate assessment of suicide risk is critical for clinical practice, empirical advances, and informing public policy. In this narrative review of the literature, we compiled evidence from longitudinal studies that identify reporting bias of past self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) and examined possible correlates of inconsistent reporting.
We conducted an extensive literature search, including 19 longitudinal samples or subsamples who reported the presence of current or past SITB at an initial but not at a subsequent assessment (yes/no inconsistent reports).
The median was 33%, and the weighted mean was 39% (95% CI, 37%-41%) for the prevalence of inconsistent reporting of SITB across the longitudinal samples. Importantly, inconsistent reports were linked with less internalizing psychopathology and more adaptive functioning. The type of sample recruited and assessment interval may also be relevant factors to consider.
Variability of sample characteristics and methodology made it challenging to draw firm conclusions across studies but provide information about critical sources of bias.
Results suggest considerable caution for clinical, empirical, and policy decision-making based on lifetime reports of suicide and encourage a continued consideration for identifying potential reporting biases for SITB.
准确评估自杀风险对于临床实践、实证研究进展和公共政策制定至关重要。在对文献的叙述性综述中，我们汇集了来自纵向研究的证据，这些研究确定了过去自伤思想和行为（SITB）报告的报道偏倚，并研究了不一致报告的可能相关因素。
我们进行了广泛的文献检索，包括 19 个纵向样本或子样本，这些样本在初始评估时报告了当前或过去存在 SITB，但在随后的评估中未报告（存在/不存在不一致的报告）。
在所有纵向样本中，SITB 不一致报告的患病率中位数为 33%，加权平均值为 39%（95%置信区间，37%-41%）。重要的是，不一致的报告与较少的内化心理病理学和更多的适应性功能相关。招募的样本类型和评估间隔也可能是相关的考虑因素。
样本特征和方法学的变异性使得难以在研究之间得出确凿的结论，但提供了有关关键偏倚来源的信息。
结果表明，基于自杀的终生报告，对临床、实证和政策决策应持相当谨慎的态度，并鼓励继续考虑识别 SITB 潜在的报告偏倚。
