Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Real Casa dell'Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jan 10;751:141599. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141599. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
Treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater is very important to protect downstream users from health risks and meet the freshwater demand of the ever-increasing world population. Different types of wastewater (textile, dairy, pharmaceutical, swine, municipal, etc.) vary in composition and require different treatment strategies. Wastewater management and treatment is an expensive process; hence, it is important to integrate relevant technology into this process to make it more feasible and cost-effective. Wastewater treatment using microalgae-based technology could be a global solution for resource recovery from wastewater and to provide affordable feedstock for bioenergy (biodiesel, biohydrogen, bio-alcohol, methane, and bioelectricity) production. Various microalgal cultivation systems (open or closed photobioreactors), turf scrubber, and hybrid systems have been developed. Although many algal biomass harvesting methods (physical, chemical, biological, and electromagnetic) have been reported, it is still an expensive process. In this review article, resource recovery from wastewater using algal cultivation, biomass harvesting, and various technologies applied in converting algal biomass into bioenergy, along with the various challenges that are encountered are discussed in brief.
处理工业和生活污水对于保护下游用户免受健康风险以及满足世界人口不断增长的淡水需求非常重要。不同类型的废水（纺织、奶制品、制药、养猪、市政等）在成分上有所不同，需要不同的处理策略。废水管理和处理是一个昂贵的过程；因此，将相关技术集成到这个过程中使其更可行和更具成本效益非常重要。利用微藻技术处理废水可以为从废水中回收资源并为生物能源（生物柴油、生物氢、生物酒精、甲烷和生物电能）生产提供负担得起的原料提供全球解决方案。已经开发了各种微藻培养系统（开放式或封闭式光生物反应器）、草皮洗涤器和混合系统。尽管已经报道了许多藻类生物质收获方法（物理、化学、生物和电磁），但它仍然是一个昂贵的过程。在这篇综述文章中，简要讨论了利用藻类培养、生物质收获以及将藻类生物质转化为生物能源所应用的各种技术从废水中回收资源，以及所遇到的各种挑战。
