Nutor Jerry John, Marquez Shannon, Slaughter-Acey Jaime C, Hoffmann Thomas J, DiMaria-Ghalili Rose Ann, Momplaisir Florence, Opong Emmanuel, Jemmott Loretta Sweet
Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Undergraduate Global Engagement, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States.
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 1;10:758447. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.758447. eCollection 2022.
Mother-to-infant transmission of HIV is a major problem in Sub-Saharan Africa despite free or subsidized antiretroviral treatment (ART), but is significantly reduced when mothers adhere to ART. Because potable water access is limited in low-resource countries, we investigated water access and ART adherence intention among HIV-positive pregnant women and new mothers in Zambia.
Our convenience sample consisted of 150 pregnant or postpartum women receiving ART. Descriptive statistics compared type of water access by low and high levels of ART adherence intention.
Most (71%) had access to piped water, but 36% of the low-adherence intention group obtained water from a well, borehole, lake or stream, compared to only 22% of the high-adherence intention group. The low-adherence intention group was more rural (62%) than urban (38%) women but not statistically significant [unadjusted Prevalence Ratio (PR) 0.73, 95% CI: 0.52-1.02; adjusted PR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.78-1.45].
Providing potable water may improve ART adherence. Assessing available water sources in both rural and urban locations is critical when educating women initiating ART.
尽管有免费或补贴的抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART），但在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，母婴传播艾滋病毒仍是一个主要问题，不过当母亲坚持接受抗逆转录病毒治疗时，母婴传播率会显著降低。由于资源匮乏国家的饮用水供应有限，我们对赞比亚感染艾滋病毒的孕妇和新妈妈的用水情况以及坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗的意愿进行了调查。
我们的便利样本包括150名接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的孕妇或产后妇女。描述性统计比较了不同抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性意愿水平下的用水类型。
大多数（71%）能够使用管道水，但抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性意愿低的组中有36%从水井、钻孔、湖泊或溪流取水，而抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性意愿高的组中这一比例仅为22%。抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性意愿低的组中农村女性（62%）多于城市女性（38%），但差异无统计学意义[未调整患病率比（PR）0.73，95%置信区间：0.52 - 1.02；调整后PR 1.06，95%置信区间：0.78 - 1.45]。
提供饮用水可能会提高抗逆转录病毒治疗的依从性。在对开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性进行教育时，评估农村和城市地区的可用水源至关重要。
