Haque Rehnuma, Moe Christine L, Raj Suraja J, Ong Li, Charles Katrina, Ross Allen G, Shirin Tahmina, Raqib Rubhana, Sarker Protim, Rahman Mahbubur, Rahman Mohammed Ziaur, Amin Nuhu, Mahmud Zahid Hayat, Rahman Mahbubur, Johnston Dara, Akter Nargis, Khan Taqsem A, Hossain Md Alamgir, Hasan Rezaul, Islam M Tahmidul, Bhattacharya Prosun
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
School of Medicine, Stanford University, USA.
Curr Opin Environ Sci Health. 2022 Jun;27:100334. doi: 10.1016/j.coesh.2022.100334. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
The ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health crisis of global concern. The progression of the COVID-19 pandemic has been monitored in the first place by testing symptomatic individuals for SARS-CoV-2 virus in the respiratory samples. Concurrently, wastewater carries feces, urine, and sputum that potentially contains SARS-CoV-2 intact virus or partially damaged viral genetic materials excreted by infected individuals. This brings significant opportunities for understanding the infection dynamics by environmental surveillance. It has advantages for the country, especially in densely populated areas where individual clinical testing is difficult. However, there are several challenges including: 1) establishing a sampling plan and schedule that is representative of the various catchment populations 2) development and validation of standardized protocols for the laboratory analysis 3) understanding hydraulic flows and virus transport in complex wastewater drainage systems and 4) collaborative efforts from government agencies, NGOs, public health units and academia.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的持续大流行是一个全球关注的公共卫生危机。首先，通过对有症状个体的呼吸道样本进行严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒检测来监测COVID-19大流行的进展情况。与此同时，废水携带粪便、尿液和痰液，其中可能含有受感染个体排出的完整的SARS-CoV-2病毒或部分受损的病毒遗传物质。这为通过环境监测了解感染动态带来了重大机遇。这对国家具有优势，特别是在难以进行个体临床检测的人口密集地区。然而，存在若干挑战，包括：1）制定代表不同集水区人群的采样计划和时间表；2）开发和验证实验室分析的标准化方案；3）了解复杂废水排放系统中的水流和病毒传播；4）政府机构、非政府组织、公共卫生单位和学术界的协作努力。
