Argueta Lissenya B, Lacko Lauretta A, Bram Yaron, Tada Takuya, Carrau Lucia, Rendeiro André Figueiredo, Zhang Tuo, Uhl Skyler, Lubor Brienne C, Chandar Vasuretha, Gil Cristianel, Zhang Wei, Dodson Brittany J, Bastiaans Jeroen, Prabhu Malavika, Houghton Sean, Redmond David, Salvatore Christine M, Yang Yawei J, Elemento Olivier, Baergen Rebecca N, tenOever Benjamin R, Landau Nathaniel R, Chen Shuibing, Schwartz Robert E, Stuhlmann Heidi
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
iScience. 2022 May 20;25(5):104223. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104223. Epub 2022 Apr 11.
The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on placental function is not well understood. Analysis of placentas from women who tested positive at delivery showed SARS-CoV-2 genomic and subgenomic RNA in 22 out of 52 placentas. Placentas from two mothers with symptomatic COVID-19 whose pregnancies resulted in adverse outcomes for the fetuses contained high levels of viral Alpha variant RNA. The RNA was localized to the trophoblasts that cover the fetal chorionic villi in direct contact with maternal blood. The intervillous spaces and villi were infiltrated with maternal macrophages and T cells. Transcriptome analysis showed an increased expression of chemokines and pathways associated with viral infection and inflammation. Infection of placental cultures with live SARS-CoV-2 and spike protein-pseudotyped lentivirus showed infection of syncytiotrophoblast and, in rare cases, endothelial cells mediated by ACE2 and Neuropilin-1. Viruses with Alpha, Beta, and Delta variant spikes infected the placental cultures at significantly greater levels.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染对胎盘功能的影响尚未完全明确。对分娩时检测呈阳性的女性胎盘进行分析发现，52份胎盘中有22份存在SARS-CoV-2基因组和亚基因组RNA。两名患有症状性2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）且妊娠导致胎儿出现不良结局的母亲的胎盘含有高水平的病毒α变异株RNA。该RNA定位于覆盖与母体血液直接接触的胎儿绒毛膜绒毛的滋养层细胞。绒毛间隙和绒毛中有母体巨噬细胞和T细胞浸润。转录组分析显示，趋化因子以及与病毒感染和炎症相关的信号通路的表达增加。用活的SARS-CoV-2和刺突蛋白假型慢病毒感染胎盘培养物，结果显示合体滋养层细胞被感染，在极少数情况下，内皮细胞也会被感染，这种感染由血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）和神经纤毛蛋白-1介导。带有α、β和δ变异株刺突的病毒对胎盘培养物的感染水平显著更高。
