Zafar Anush, Rehm Jürgen, Feng Xinyang, Jiang Huan, Kim Kawon Victoria, Manthey Jakob, Radišauskas Ričardas, Štelemėkas Mindaugas, Petkevičienė Janina, Tran Alexander, Lange Shannon
Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
University of Waterloo, WaterlooON, Canada.
Epidemiol Infect. 2022 Apr 20;150:1-25. doi: 10.1017/S0950268822000711.
Despite the growing body of evidence suggesting that alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of and poorer treatment outcomes from pneumonia, little is known about the association between alcohol control policy and pneumonia mortality. As such, this study aimed to assess the impact of three alcohol control policies legislated in 2008, 2017 and 2018 in Lithuania on sex-specific pneumonia mortality rates among individuals 15+ years of age. An interrupted time-series analysis using a generalised additive mixed model was performed for each policy. Of the three policies, only the 2008 policy resulted in a significant slope change (i.e. decline) in pneumonia mortality rates among males; no significant slope change was observed among females. The low values for all sex-specific models suggest that other external factors are likely also influencing the sex-specific pneumonia mortality rates in Lithuania. Overall, the findings from this study suggest alcohol control policy's targeting affordability may be an effective way to reduce pneumonia mortality rates, among males in particular. However, further research is needed to fully explore their impact.
尽管越来越多的证据表明饮酒与肺炎风险增加及治疗效果较差有关，但关于酒精控制政策与肺炎死亡率之间的关联却知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在评估立陶宛在2008年、2017年和2018年制定的三项酒精控制政策对15岁及以上人群按性别划分的肺炎死亡率的影响。对每项政策都进行了使用广义相加混合模型的中断时间序列分析。在这三项政策中，只有2008年的政策导致男性肺炎死亡率出现显著的斜率变化（即下降）；女性中未观察到显著的斜率变化。所有按性别划分模型的低值表明，其他外部因素可能也在影响立陶宛按性别划分的肺炎死亡率。总体而言，本研究结果表明，以可承受性为目标的酒精控制政策可能是降低肺炎死亡率的有效途径，尤其是对男性而言。然而，需要进一步研究以充分探索其影响。
