Yang Xuechun, Zhong Qiumeng, Liang Sai, Li Yumeng, Wang Yafei, Zhu Xiaobiao, Liu Yu
Institute of Circular Economy, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 May 3;56(9):5860-5873. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07110. Epub 2022 Apr 20.
Antibiotic pollution causes serious environmental and social issues. China is the largest antibiotic producer and user in the world, with a large share of antibiotics used in agriculture. This study quantified agricultural antibiotic emissions of mainland China in 2014 as well as critical drivers in global supply chains. Results show that China's agriculture discharged 4131 tons of antibiotics. Critical domestic supply chain drivers are mainly located in Central China, North China, and East China. Foreign final demand contributes 9% of agricultural antibiotic emissions in mainland China and leads to 5-40% of emissions in each province. Foreign primary inputs (e.g., labor and capital) contribute 5% of agricultural antibiotic emissions in mainland China and lead to 2-63% of emissions in each province. Critical international drivers include the final demand of the United States and Japan for foods and textile products, as well as the primary inputs of the oil seeds sector in Brazil. The results indicate the uniqueness of supply chain drivers for antibiotic emissions compared with other emissions. Our findings reveal supply chain hotspots for multiple-perspective policy decisions to control China's agricultural antibiotic emissions as well as for international cooperation.
抗生素污染引发了严重的环境和社会问题。中国是全球最大的抗生素生产国和使用国，农业领域使用的抗生素占比很大。本研究对2014年中国大陆农业抗生素排放量以及全球供应链中的关键驱动因素进行了量化。结果显示，中国农业排放了4131吨抗生素。关键的国内供应链驱动因素主要位于中国中部、北部和东部。国外最终需求占中国大陆农业抗生素排放量的9%，并导致每个省份5%-40%的排放量。国外主要投入（如劳动力和资本）占中国大陆农业抗生素排放量的5%，并导致每个省份2%-63%的排放量。关键的国际驱动因素包括美国和日本对食品和纺织品的最终需求，以及巴西油籽部门的主要投入。结果表明，与其他排放相比，抗生素排放的供应链驱动因素具有独特性。我们的研究结果揭示了供应链热点，以便从多个角度做出政策决策，以控制中国农业抗生素排放以及开展国际合作。
