Magyar Dominika, Nemes Bálint, Pálvölgyi Laura, Pulay Zoltán, Nagy Krisztián
1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry, Budapest, Hungary.
Indian J Plast Surg. 2022 Mar 10;55(1):87-91. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1744219. eCollection 2022 Feb.
This study, first in Hungary, examined the success of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy in cleft patients from a caregiver's perspective and revealed factors that can cause inconvenience. A survey-based study was performed using a 32-item questionnaire following NAM therapy. The survey was sent to families whose child underwent NAM therapy from 2010 until 2020 at the 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University. The questions focused on four main parts: socioeconomic, origin of the cleft, difficulties of therapy, and self-assessment. Fifty-three families received the questionnaire, 17 of them completed it. The mean age was 5 ± 3.7 weeks when NAM therapy started. Fifty-eight percent of the patients were male and 42% female. Patients are living more than 60 km from the cleft center (59%). Patients had to make the journey between their residence and the cleft center ∼10 to 15 times. In most cases, NAM therapy was covered by health insurance (83%). The unilateral cleft and lip palate occurred 58%, while the bilateral were 42%. Thirty-five percent of the patients had an allergic reaction against the adhesive, and 35% were affected by wounds on their lips or noses. The way of feeding was variable. Seventeen percent of the parents were able to breastfeed. In all cases, parents were satisfied with the NAM therapy. The present study highlighted the value of caregivers' role in NAM therapy. The burden of care is acceptable, caregivers have high compliance, and are determined to help the effectiveness of therapy. Limitations of this study include a single-institute data with a small number of cases.
本研究首次在匈牙利从护理人员的角度探讨了术前鼻牙槽塑形（NAM）治疗在腭裂患者中的成效，并揭示了可能造成不便的因素。
在NAM治疗后，使用一份包含32个条目的问卷进行了一项基于调查的研究。该调查问卷被发送给2010年至2020年期间在塞梅尔维斯大学第一儿科接受NAM治疗的患儿家庭。问题主要集中在四个方面：社会经济状况、腭裂病因、治疗困难以及自我评估。53个家庭收到了问卷，其中17个家庭完成了问卷。
NAM治疗开始时的平均年龄为5±3.7周。58%的患者为男性，42%为女性。患者居住在距离腭裂治疗中心60多公里以外的地方（占59%）。患者在住所和腭裂治疗中心之间往返了约10至15次。在大多数情况下，NAM治疗费用由医疗保险支付（占83%）。单侧唇腭裂发生率为58%，双侧为42%。35%的患者对粘合剂有过敏反应，35%的患者嘴唇或鼻子有伤口。喂养方式各不相同。17%的父母能够进行母乳喂养。在所有情况下，父母对NAM治疗都很满意。
本研究突出了护理人员在NAM治疗中的作用价值。护理负担是可以接受的，护理人员的依从性很高，并决心帮助提高治疗效果。本研究的局限性包括单一机构的数据以及病例数量较少。
