Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2022 Jun;164:113011. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113011. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
Food and feed are daily exposed to mycotoxin contamination which effects may be counteracted by functional compounds like carotenoids and fermented whey. Among mycotoxins, the most toxic and studied are aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), which neurotoxicity is not well reported. Therefore, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells ongoing differentiation were exposed during 7 days to digested bread extracts contained pumpkin and fermented whey, individually and in combination, along with AFB1 and OTA and their combination, in order to evaluate their presumed effects on neuronal differentiation. The immunofluorescence analysis of βIII-tubulin and dopamine markers pointed to OTA as the most damaging treatment for cell differentiation. Cell cycle analysis reported the highest significant differences for OTA-contained bread compared to the control in phase G/G. Lastly, RNA extraction was performed and gene expression was analyzed by qPCR. The selected genes were related to neuronal differentiation and cell cycle. The addition of functional ingredients in breads not only enhancing the expression of neuronal markers, but also induced an overall improvement of gene expression compromised by mycotoxins activity. These data confirm that in vitro neuronal differentiation may be impaired by AFB1 and OTA-exposure, which could be modulated by bioactive compounds naturally found in diet.
食物和饲料每天都受到霉菌毒素污染的影响，而功能性化合物如类胡萝卜素和发酵乳清可以对抗这些影响。在霉菌毒素中，最具毒性和研究最多的是黄曲霉毒素 B1 (AFB1) 和赭曲霉毒素 A (OTA)，但其神经毒性尚未得到充分报道。因此，我们将正在分化的人类神经母细胞瘤 SH-SY5Y 细胞暴露于含有南瓜和发酵乳清的消化面包提取物中 7 天，单独或组合使用，并与 AFB1 和 OTA 及其组合一起使用，以评估它们对神经元分化的潜在影响。βIII-微管蛋白和多巴胺标记物的免疫荧光分析表明，OTA 是对细胞分化最具破坏性的处理。细胞周期分析报告称，与对照组相比，含有 OTA 的面包在 G1/G 期的差异最大。最后，进行了 RNA 提取，并通过 qPCR 分析了基因表达。所选基因与神经元分化和细胞周期有关。面包中功能性成分的添加不仅增强了神经元标记物的表达，而且还改善了受霉菌毒素活性影响的整体基因表达。这些数据证实，AFB1 和 OTA 暴露可能会损害体外神经元分化，而饮食中天然存在的生物活性化合物可以调节这种损害。
