在胃肠道屏障模型中，花朵对霉菌毒素毒性的保护作用。

The protective effect of flower against mycotoxin toxicity in a gastrointestinal barrier model.

作者信息

Di Matteo Giacomo, Frangiamone Massimo, Vila-Donat Pilar, Di Cecco Valter, Di Martino Luciano, Manyes Lara, Mannina Luisa

机构信息

Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory of Sapienza (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Front Nutr. 2025 Aug 12;12:1627476. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1627476. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fnut.2025.1627476

PMID:40873451

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12378322/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

We investigated the phytochemical composition, gastrointestinal bioaccessibility, and protective effects against mycotoxin-induced toxicity of L. flower, a botanical species traditionally used in European herbal medicine.

METHODS

flower samples were collected from the Majella National Park and chemically characterized using HPLC-PDA and NMR metabolomics, revealing the presence of abundant bioactive compounds (iridoids, secoiridoids, and xanthones), as well as quantifying the levels of amino acids, organic acids, and sugars. Following gastrointestinal digestion, bioaccessible fractions were analyzed and subjected to transepithelial transport assays using differentiated Caco-2 monolayers.

RESULTS

Gene expression analysis and cytotoxicity evaluation on Caco-2 cell cultures demonstrated that digested significantly mitigated the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and beauvericin (BEA). The digested samples reduced the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX, CASP3), preserved intestinal barrier integrity by modulating tight junction-related genes (CL-2, ZO-1), and promoted antioxidant responses through SRXN1 regulation.

CONCLUSION

These findings highlight the potential of flowers as a source of functional phytocompounds for intestinal barrier protection against mycotoxins.

摘要

目的

我们研究了欧洲传统草药中使用的一种植物——L. flower的植物化学成分、胃肠道生物可及性以及对霉菌毒素诱导毒性的保护作用。

方法

从马耶拉国家公园采集L. flower样本，采用高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测法（HPLC-PDA）和核磁共振代谢组学进行化学表征，揭示了丰富的生物活性化合物（环烯醚萜、裂环环烯醚萜和氧杂蒽酮）的存在，并对氨基酸、有机酸和糖类水平进行了定量分析。经过胃肠道消化后，分析生物可及部分，并使用分化的Caco-2单层细胞进行跨上皮转运试验。

结果

对Caco-2细胞培养物进行基因表达分析和细胞毒性评估表明，消化后的L. flower显著减轻了黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）、赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）和白僵菌素（BEA）的毒性作用。消化后的L. flower样本降低了促凋亡基因（BAX、CASP3）的表达，通过调节紧密连接相关基因（CL-2、ZO-1）维持肠道屏障完整性，并通过SRXN1调节促进抗氧化反应。