Frangiamone Massimo, Lázaro Álvaro, Cimbalo Alessandra, Font Guillermina, Manyes Lara
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Carrer Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Food Chem. 2024 Jul 30;447:138909. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138909. Epub 2024 Mar 5.
The purpose of this review was to investigate the current knowledge about aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) toxicity and the possible beneficial role of bioactive compounds by using in vitro and in vivo models. Although AFB1 and OTA were tested in a similar percentage, the majority of studies focused on nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, immune toxicity and neurotoxicity in which oxidative stress, inflammation, structural damage and apoptosis were the main mechanisms of action reported. Conversely, several biological compounds were assayed in order to modulate mycotoxins damage mainly in the liver, brain, kidney and immune system. Among them, pumpkin, curcumin and fermented whey were the most employed. Although a clear progress has been made by using in vivo models, further research is needed to assess not only the toxicity of multiple mycotoxins contamination but also the effect of functional compounds mixture, thereby reproducing more realistic situations for human health risk assessment.
本综述的目的是通过使用体外和体内模型，研究目前关于黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）毒性以及生物活性化合物可能的有益作用的知识。尽管对AFB1和OTA的测试比例相似，但大多数研究集中在肾毒性、肝毒性、免疫毒性和神经毒性方面，其中氧化应激、炎症、结构损伤和细胞凋亡是报告的主要作用机制。相反，为了调节霉菌毒素对肝脏、大脑、肾脏和免疫系统的损害，对几种生物化合物进行了检测。其中，南瓜、姜黄素和发酵乳清是使用最多的。尽管使用体内模型已取得明显进展，但仍需要进一步研究，不仅要评估多种霉菌毒素污染的毒性，还要评估功能性化合物混合物的效果，从而为人类健康风险评估再现更现实的情况。
