Kumari Chanchal, Sharma Megha, Kumar Vinay, Sharma Rajnish, Kumar Vinay, Sharma Parul, Kumar Pankaj, Irfan Mohammad
Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173230, India.
Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2022 Apr 18;9(4):176. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9040176.
Food security and crop production are challenged worldwide due to overpopulation, changing environmental conditions, crop establishment failure, and various kinds of post-harvest losses. The demand for high-quality foods with improved nutritional quality is also growing day by day. Therefore, production of high-quality produce and reducing post-harvest losses of produce, particularly of perishable fruits and vegetables, are vital. For many decades, attempts have been made to improve the post-harvest quality traits of horticultural crops. Recently, modern genetic tools such as genome editing emerged as a new approach to manage and overcome post-harvest effectively and efficiently. The different genome editing tools including ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 system effectively introduce mutations (In Dels) in many horticultural crops to address and resolve the issues associated with post-harvest storage quality. Henceforth, we provide a broad review of genome editing applications in horticulture crops to improve post-harvest stability traits such as shelf life, texture, and resistance to pathogens without compromising nutritional value. Moreover, major roadblocks, challenges, and their possible solutions for employing genome editing tools are also discussed.
由于人口过剩、环境条件变化、作物定植失败以及各种收获后损失，全球粮食安全和作物生产面临挑战。对营养品质得到改善的优质食品的需求也与日俱增。因此，生产优质农产品并减少农产品尤其是易腐水果和蔬菜的收获后损失至关重要。几十年来，人们一直在努力改善园艺作物的收获后品质特性。最近，诸如基因组编辑等现代遗传工具作为一种有效且高效管理和克服收获后的新方法应运而生。包括锌指核酸酶（ZFNs）、转录激活样效应因子核酸酶（TALENs）和CRISPR/Cas9系统在内的不同基因组编辑工具可在许多园艺作物中有效引入突变（插入缺失），以解决与收获后贮藏品质相关的问题。从今往后，我们将对基因组编辑在园艺作物中的应用进行广泛综述，以在不影响营养价值的情况下改善收获后稳定性特性，如货架期、质地和对病原体的抗性。此外，还将讨论使用基因组编辑工具的主要障碍、挑战及其可能的解决方案。
