Gao Chenglong, Ren Lili, Wang Ming, Wang Zhengtong, Fu Ningning, Wang Huiying, Shi Juan
Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Sino-France Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia, INRAE-Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Insects. 2022 Mar 30;13(4):338. doi: 10.3390/insects13040338.
is a major international quarantine pest that recently emerged in northeast China to specifically invade conifers. During female oviposition, venom is injected into the host together with its symbiotic fungus to alter the normal physiology and weaken or even kill the tree. In China, the Mongolian pine ( var. ), an important wind-proof and sand-fixing species, is the unique host of . To explore the interplay between venom and Mongolian pine, we performed a transcriptome comparative analysis of a 10-year-old Mongolian pine after wounding and inoculation with venom. The analysis was performed at 12 h, 24 h and 72 h. PacBio ISO-seq was used and integrated with RNA-seq to construct an accurate full-length transcriptomic database. We obtained 52,963 high-precision unigenes, consisting of 48,654 (91.86%) unigenes that were BLASTed to known sequences in the public database and 4309 unigenes without any annotation information, which were presumed to be new genes. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) increased with the treatment time, and the DEGs were most abundant at 72 h. A total of 706 inoculation-specific DEGs (475 upregulated and 231 downregulated) and 387 wounding-specific DEGs (183 upregulated and 204 downregulated) were identified compared with the control. Under venom stress, we identified 6 DEGs associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 20 resistance genes in Mongolian pine. Overall, 52 transcription factors (TFs) were found under venom stress, 45 of which belonged to the AP2/ERF TF family and were upregulated. A total of 13 genes related to the photosystem, 3 genes related photo-regulation, and 9 TFs were identified under wounding stress. In conclusion, several novel putative genes were found in Mongolian pine by PacBio ISO seq. Meanwhile, we also identified various genes that were resistant to venom, such as GAPDH, GPX, CAT, FL2, CERK1, and HSP83A, etc.
是一种主要的国际检疫性害虫，最近在中国东北地区出现，专门侵袭针叶树。在雌虫产卵期间，毒液与其共生真菌一起注入宿主，以改变其正常生理机能，削弱甚至杀死树木。在中国，樟子松（变种）是一种重要的防风固沙树种，是该害虫唯一的宿主。为了探究该害虫毒液与樟子松之间的相互作用，我们对一棵10年生樟子松在受伤并接种该害虫毒液后进行了转录组比较分析。分析在12小时、24小时和72小时进行。使用PacBio ISO-seq并与RNA-seq整合，构建了一个准确的全长转录组数据库。我们获得了52963个高精度单基因，其中48654个（91.86%）单基因在公共数据库中与已知序列进行了比对，4309个单基因没有任何注释信息，推测为新基因。差异表达基因（DEG）的数量随处理时间增加，在72小时时差异表达基因最为丰富。与对照相比，共鉴定出706个接种特异性差异表达基因（475个上调，231个下调）和387个伤口特异性差异表达基因（183个上调，204个下调）。在毒液胁迫下，我们在樟子松中鉴定出6个与活性氧（ROS）相关的差异表达基因和20个抗性基因。总体而言，在毒液胁迫下共发现52个转录因子（TF），其中45个属于AP2/ERF转录因子家族且上调。在伤口胁迫下共鉴定出13个与光系统相关的基因、3个与光调节相关的基因和9个转录因子。总之，通过PacBio ISO-seq在樟子松中发现了几个新的假定基因。同时，我们还鉴定出了各种对该害虫毒液具有抗性的基因，如GAPDH、GPX、CAT、FL2、CERK 和 HSP83A等。
