Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
Mar Drugs. 2022 Apr 14;20(4):266. doi: 10.3390/md20040266.
The world's population growth and consequent increased demand for food, energy and materials together with the decrease of some natural resources have highlighted the compelling need to use sustainably existing resources and find alternative sources to satisfy the needs of growing and longer-aging populations. In this review, we explore the potential use of a specific fisheries by-catch, jellyfish, as a sustainable source of high-value compounds. Jellyfish are often caught up with fish into fishing gear and nets, then sorted and discarded. Conversely, we suggest that this by-catch may be used to obtain food, nutraceutical products, collagen, toxins and fluorescent compounds to be used for biomedical applications and mucus for biomaterials. These applications are based on studies which indicate the feasibility of using jellyfish for biotechnology. Because jellyfish exhibit seasonal fluctuations in abundance, jellyfish by-catches likely follow the same pattern. Therefore, this resource may not be constantly available throughout the year, so the exploitation of the variable abundances needs to be optimized. Despite the lack of data about jellyfish by-catches, the high value of their compounds and their wide range of applications suggest that jellyfish by-catches are a resource which is discarded at present, but needs to be re-evaluated for exploitation within the context of a circular economy in the era of zero waste.
世界人口的增长以及由此产生的对食物、能源和材料的需求增加，加上一些自然资源的减少，突出表明迫切需要可持续地利用现有资源，并寻找替代资源来满足不断增长和老龄化人口的需求。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了一种特定渔业副渔获物——水母作为高价值化合物可持续来源的潜力。水母经常与鱼类一起被渔具和渔网捕获，然后被分拣和丢弃。相反，我们建议可以利用这种副渔获物来获取食物、营养保健品、胶原蛋白、毒素和荧光化合物，用于生物医学应用以及用于生物材料的黏液。这些应用是基于研究表明水母在生物技术中的应用是可行的。由于水母的丰度存在季节性波动，水母副渔获物可能也遵循同样的模式。因此，这种资源可能不是全年都能持续供应的，因此需要优化对可变丰度的开发。尽管关于水母副渔获物的数据缺乏，但它们化合物的高价值及其广泛的应用表明，水母副渔获物是目前被丢弃的资源，但需要在零浪费时代的循环经济背景下重新评估其开发利用价值。
