Kornhaber Melissa Solomon, Florence Taylor, Davis Trexton, Kingsley Karl
Department of Advanced Education in Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Blvd., Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA.
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 1700 W. Charleston Blvd., Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA.
Dent J (Basel). 2022 Apr 1;10(4):54. doi: 10.3390/dj10040054.
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) encompasses a large family of oncogenic viruses responsible for increasing rates of both cervical and oral cancer, particularly among minority and low-income populations. Although this represents an increasingly significant public health risk, few studies have screened for oral HPV within Nevada. Based upon this information, the primary objective of this study was to provide a temporal analysis of oral HPV screening among a primarily low-income, minority patient population. Methods: This retrospective analysis was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). In brief, unstimulated saliva samples were previously obtained from clinical patient volunteers who provided informed consent and pediatric assent (if applicable). DNA was isolated and screened using spectrophotometry for quality (A260:A280 ratio > 1.70) and quantity (concentration > 100 ng). Validated qPCR primers were used to screen repository samples for high-risk HPV strains HPV16 and HPV18. Results: A total of N = 930 samples were identified for this study, which involved n = 555 samples from adults and n = 375 from pediatric patients treated between 2011 and 2019. A demographic analysis revealed nearly equal distribution between males and females with most derived from non-White (minority) patients. A qPCR screening revealed an overall increase in high-risk HPV of 3.17-fold from 5.7% in 2011 to 18.1% in 2019 and a coefficient of determination or R2 = 0.764, suggesting a strong, positive correlation between more recent sample years and HPV-positive results, which was observed among both pediatric (R2 = 0.671) and adult (R2 = 0.971) patients. In addition, although the average age among adult patients increased over time, a significant decrease was observed among pediatric patients from an average of 16.0 years to 14.81 years. Conclusions: These data suggest temporal changes and positive increases in the prevalence of oral HPV among both the pediatric and adult patient samples taken from this clinic population. These data are important as considerations are made regarding which HPV vaccination education and awareness programs are introduced and the specific populations most likely to benefit from these interventions.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是一个大型致癌病毒家族，与宫颈癌和口腔癌发病率上升有关，在少数族裔和低收入人群中尤为明显。尽管这代表着日益严重的公共卫生风险，但在内华达州，很少有研究对口腔HPV进行筛查。基于这一信息，本研究的主要目的是对主要为低收入少数族裔患者群体的口腔HPV筛查进行时间分析。方法：这项回顾性分析经机构审查委员会（IRB）审查并批准。简而言之，之前从未经刺激的唾液样本中获取临床患者志愿者的样本，这些志愿者提供了知情同意书和儿童同意书（如适用）。使用分光光度法分离和筛选DNA，以检测质量（A260:A280比率>1.70）和数量（浓度>100 ng）。使用经过验证的qPCR引物筛选储存样本中的高危HPV毒株HPV16和HPV18。结果：本研究共鉴定出N = 930个样本，其中包括2011年至2019年间治疗的n = 555个成人样本和n = 375个儿科患者样本。人口统计学分析显示，男性和女性分布几乎相等，大多数样本来自非白人（少数族裔）患者。qPCR筛查显示，高危HPV总体增加了3.17倍，从2011年的5.7%增至2019年的18.1%，决定系数或R2 = 0.764，表明在最近的样本年份与HPV阳性结果之间存在强正相关，在儿科患者（R2 = 0.671）和成人患者（R2 = 0.971）中均观察到这种情况。此外，尽管成年患者的平均年龄随时间增加，但儿科患者的平均年龄从16.0岁显著降至14.81岁。结论：这些数据表明，从该诊所人群中采集的儿科和成人患者样本中，口腔HPV患病率随时间变化且呈正向增加。这些数据对于考虑引入哪些HPV疫苗接种教育和提高认识计划以及最可能从这些干预措施中受益的特定人群非常重要。
