Engineering School and Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal.
Center of Textile Science and Technology, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Apr 16;12(4):252. doi: 10.3390/bios12040252.
The continued focus on improving the quality of human life has encouraged the development of increasingly efficient, durable, and cost-effective products in healthcare. Over the last decade, there has been substantial development in the field of technical and interactive textiles that combine expertise in electronics, biology, chemistry, and physics. Most recently, the creation of textile biosensors capable of quantifying biometric data in biological fluids is being studied, to detect a specific disease or the physical condition of an individual. The ultimate goal is to provide access to medical diagnosis anytime and anywhere. Presently, alcohol is considered the most commonly used addictive substance worldwide, being one of the main causes of death in road accidents. Thus, it is important to think of solutions capable of minimizing this public health problem. Alcohol biosensors constitute an excellent tool to aid at improving road safety. Hence, this review explores concepts about alcohol biomarkers, the composition of human sweat and the correlation between alcohol and blood. Different components and requirements of a biosensor are reviewed, along with the electrochemical techniques to evaluate its performance, in addition to construction techniques of textile-based biosensors. Special attention is given to the determination of biomarkers that must be low cost and fast, so the use of biomimetic materials to recognize and detect the target analyte is turning into an attractive option to improve electrochemical behavior.
对提高人类生活质量的持续关注，鼓励了医疗保健领域中越来越高效、耐用和具有成本效益的产品的发展。在过去的十年中，在电子、生物、化学和物理等专业知识相结合的技术和互动纺织品领域取得了实质性的发展。最近，正在研究能够量化生物流体中生物计量数据的纺织生物传感器，以检测特定疾病或个体的身体状况。最终目标是随时随地提供医疗诊断。目前，酒精被认为是世界上使用最广泛的成瘾物质，也是道路交通事故死亡的主要原因之一。因此，有必要考虑能够最大限度减少这一公共卫生问题的解决方案。酒精生物传感器是提高道路安全的有力工具。因此，本文综述了酒精生物标志物的概念、人体汗液的组成以及酒精与血液之间的关系。本文综述了生物传感器的不同组成部分和要求，以及评估其性能的电化学技术，此外还介绍了基于纺织物的生物传感器的构建技术。特别关注那些必须低成本、快速的生物标志物，因此使用仿生材料来识别和检测目标分析物正成为改善电化学行为的一个有吸引力的选择。
