Willenbockel Christian Tobias, Prinz Julia, Dietrich Stefan, Marx-Stoelting Philip, Weikert Cornelia, Tralau Tewes, Niemann Lars
Department for Pesticide Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
Department for Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
Toxics. 2022 Mar 31;10(4):170. doi: 10.3390/toxics10040170.
The exposure of operators, workers, residents and bystanders to pesticides is of high potential concern. Yet, reports on pesticide residues in the environment and near treated fields often spark debates if such findings might indicate a health risk. Although the underlying models are considered conservative, there are only limited field data on systemic exposure available. As a first step to improve the situation, we conducted a scoping review of state-of-the-art pesticide exposure biomonitoring studies in operators, workers, residents or bystanders. In contrast to existing reviews, we focused on target cultures of potential high pesticide exposure such as tree-grown produce, vine or hops. The search was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed. Out of 17 eligible articles, a total of 11 studies met our search criteria, and 6 of them quantified the systemic exposure of humans. The analysis revealed that exposure was mainly driven by application of pesticides and reentry work, resulting in a higher exposure of operators and workers than of residents and bystanders. In nearly all cases, the systemic exposure was below the relevant toxicological reference values. The studies were subsequently analyzed to identify key criteria for a reliable design of a biomonitoring study on pesticide exposure.
操作人员、工人、居民和旁观者接触农药的情况备受关注。然而，关于环境中以及施药农田附近农药残留的报告，一旦这些发现可能暗示健康风险，往往会引发争议。尽管基础模型被认为是保守的，但关于全身暴露的现场数据却十分有限。作为改善这种情况的第一步，我们对操作人员、工人、居民或旁观者中最先进的农药暴露生物监测研究进行了范围综述。与现有综述不同的是，我们关注的是农药潜在高暴露的目标作物，如树上生长的农产品、葡萄或啤酒花。检索在科学网、Scopus和PubMed中进行。在17篇符合条件的文章中，共有11项研究符合我们的检索标准，其中6项对人体的全身暴露进行了量化。分析表明，暴露主要是由农药施用和再次进入作业引起的，导致操作人员和工人的暴露程度高于居民和旁观者。几乎在所有情况下，全身暴露都低于相关的毒理学参考值。随后对这些研究进行分析，以确定农药暴露生物监测研究可靠设计的关键标准。
