Evolutionary History and Functional Diversification of the Domain-Containing Histone Demethylase Gene Family in Plants.

Histone demethylases containing JumonjiC () domains regulate gene transcription and chromatin structure by changing the methylation status of lysine residues and play an important role in plant growth and development. In this study, a total of 332 family genes were identified from 21 different plant species. The evolutionary analysis results showed that the gene was detected in each species, that is, the gene has already appeared in algae. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the KDM3/JHDM2 subfamily genes may have appeared when plants transitioned from water to land, but were lost in lycophytes (). During the evolutionary process, some subfamily genes may have been lost in individual species. According to the analysis of the conserved domains, all of the plant genes contained a typical JmjC domain, which was highly conserved during plant evolution. The analysis of -acting elements showed that the promoter region of the gene was rich in phytohormones and biotic and abiotic stress-related elements. The transcriptome data analysis and protein interaction analyses showed that genes play an important role in plant growth and development. The results clarified the evolutionary history of family genes in plants and lay the foundation for the analysis of the biological functions of family genes.