Darebo Teshale, Dereje Rahel, Fufa Dinaol Abdissa
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 21;15(1):9709. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-87320-0.
Dietary diversity is a useful proxy indicator of diet quality and nutrient adequacy, which plays an important role in children's growth and development. Meeting the standard of dietary diversity remains a challenge in developing countries. In Ethiopia, including the study area, there is limited evidence on dietary diversity and associated factors in children aged 6-23 months. Minimum dietary diversity and its associated factors among children of 6-23 months. A Community -based cross-sectional study design was conducted from April 11, 2023 to May 20, 2023 among 597 study participants. Nutrition counseling was measured through various metrics such as attendance rates, client satisfaction and feedback, the number of sessions per month or year, and the duration of each session. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by structured questionnaire, and the data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 software. Later, IBM SPSS version 27 was used to perform bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. To check for multicollinearity, the variance inflation factors (VIF) were used. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to assess model fitness. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were used to identify statistically significant factors at P values 0.05. The results showed that the prevalence of acceptable dietary diversity was 35.5% [95% CI 31.5, 39.7]. The study also found that factors such as equal decision-making power (AOR: 2.46, 95% CI (1, 24, 4.9)), participation in cooking demonstrations (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI (1.10, 2.363), attendance at ANC follow-ups (AOR = 5.027, 95% CI (2.02, 12.46)), have nutrition counseling (AOR = 2.450, 95% CI (1.32), 4.54), food secured family (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI (1.8, 4.06), and child growth and development-monitoring behavior (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.24, 2.6) were significantly associated with unacceptable dietary diversity. The study found that factors such as equal decision-making power, participation in cooking demonstrations, ANC follow-ups, nutrition counseling, food security, and monitoring child growth significantly influence dietary diversity. It recommends implementing strategies to promote dietary diversity and health for children aged 6-23 months, providing nutritional information to lactating mothers, and empowering mothers to alleviate food insecurity through home gardening.
饮食多样性是饮食质量和营养充足性的一个有用替代指标，在儿童的生长发育中起着重要作用。在发展中国家，达到饮食多样性标准仍然是一项挑战。在埃塞俄比亚，包括研究区域在内，关于6至23个月大儿童的饮食多样性及其相关因素的证据有限。6至23个月大儿童的最低饮食多样性及其相关因素。于2023年4月11日至2023年5月20日对597名研究参与者进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究设计。通过出席率、客户满意度和反馈、每月或每年的课程数量以及每次课程的时长等各种指标来衡量营养咨询情况。通过结构化问卷进行面对面访谈，并将数据录入Epi-data 3.1版软件。之后，使用IBM SPSS 27版进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。为检验多重共线性，使用了方差膨胀因子（VIF）。采用Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验来评估模型拟合度。调整后的比值比及其95%置信区间用于确定P值为0.05时具有统计学意义的因素。结果显示，可接受的饮食多样性患病率为35.5% [95%置信区间31.5, 39.7]。该研究还发现，诸如平等决策权（调整后比值比：2.46，95%置信区间(1.24, 4.9)）、参与烹饪示范（调整后比值比 = 1.61，95%置信区间(1.10, 2.363)）、参加产前保健随访（调整后比值比 = 5.027，95%置信区间(2.02, 12.46)）、接受营养咨询（调整后比值比 = 2.450，95%置信区间(1.32, 4.54)）、粮食安全家庭（调整后比值比 = 2.7，95%置信区间(1.8, 4.06)）以及儿童生长发育监测行为（调整后比值比 = 1.8，95%置信区间1.24, 2.6）等因素与不可接受的饮食多样性显著相关。该研究发现，平等决策权、参与烹饪示范、产前保健随访、营养咨询、粮食安全和监测儿童生长等因素对饮食多样性有显著影响。它建议实施促进6至23个月大儿童饮食多样性和健康的策略，向哺乳期母亲提供营养信息，并通过家庭园艺增强母亲们缓解粮食不安全状况的能力。
