Université de Nantes, Oniris, CNRS, GEPEA, UMR 6144, F- 44470 Carquefou, France; Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex, France.
Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex, France.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Jul 15;288:119181. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119181. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Paramylon is a linear β-1,3-glucan, similar to curdlan, produced as intracellular granules by the microalga Euglena gracilis, a highly versatile and robust strain, able to grow under various trophic conditions, with valorization of CO wastewaters, or food byproducts as nutrients. This review focuses in particular on the various processing routes leading to new potential paramylon based products. Due to its crystalline structure, involving triple helices stabilized by internal intermolecular hydrogen bonds, paramylon is neither water-soluble nor thermoplastic. The few solvents able to disrupt the triple helices, and to fully solubilize the polymer as random coils, allow non derivatizing shaping into films, fibers, and even nanofibers by a specific self-assembly mechanism. Chemical modification in homogeneous or heterogeneous conditions is also possible. The non-selective or regioselective substitution of the hydroxyl groups of glucosidic units leads to water-soluble ionic derivatives and thermoplastic paramylon esters with foreseen applications ranging from health to bioplastics.
海藻糖是一种线性β-1,3-葡聚糖，类似于卡拉胶，由微藻眼虫 Euglena gracilis 作为细胞内颗粒产生，是一种高度通用和健壮的菌株，能够在各种营养条件下生长，利用 CO 废水或食品副产物作为营养物质。本文特别关注导致新型潜在海藻糖基产品的各种加工途径。由于其晶体结构涉及由内部分子间氢键稳定的三螺旋，因此海藻糖既不溶于水也不具有热塑性。少数能够破坏三螺旋并将聚合物完全溶解为无规线团的溶剂，允许通过特定的自组装机制将其非衍生化成型为薄膜、纤维甚至纳米纤维。在均相或多相条件下也可以进行化学修饰。葡糖基单元的羟基的非选择性或区域选择性取代导致水溶性离子衍生物和热塑性海藻糖酯，其预期应用范围从健康到生物塑料。
