Pershagen G
Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1986;9:63-73. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-71248-7_8.
Large segments of the population in many countries are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke which means that health effects resulting from this exposure are of great public health concern. Acute irritation of the eyes and airways as well as annoyance are probably the most common effects of passive smoking. Children with smoking parents run an increased risk of bronchitis and pneumonia. This seems to be related primarily to the smoking habits of the mother. Pulmonary function changes have also been reported in passive smokers but the data are not consistent. There are a few epidemiologic studies showing an increased risk of lung cancer in nonsmokers married to smokers. These studies may be affected with various types of biases and the association can not at present be regarded as causal. Particular attention should be put on the acquisition of precise and accurate exposure information in future epidemiologic investigations on health effects related to passive smoking.
许多国家的大部分人口都暴露于环境烟草烟雾中，这意味着这种暴露所导致的健康影响是重大的公共卫生问题。眼睛和呼吸道的急性刺激以及烦恼可能是被动吸烟最常见的影响。父母吸烟的儿童患支气管炎和肺炎的风险增加。这似乎主要与母亲的吸烟习惯有关。被动吸烟者也有肺功能变化的报告，但数据并不一致。有一些流行病学研究表明，与吸烟者结婚的非吸烟者患肺癌的风险增加。这些研究可能受到各种类型偏差的影响，目前这种关联不能被视为因果关系。在未来关于被动吸烟对健康影响的流行病学调查中，应特别关注获取准确和精确的暴露信息。
