Kopustinskiene Dalia M, Masteikova Ruta, Lazauskas Robertas, Bernatoniene Jurga
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Mar 29;11(4):660. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040660.
Cannabis ( L.) plants from the family have been used since ancient times, to produce fibers, oil, and for medicinal purposes. Psychoactive delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and nonpsychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) are the main pharmacologically active compounds of . These compounds have, for a long time, been under extensive investigation, and their potent antioxidant and inflammatory properties have been reported, although the detailed mechanisms of their actions have not been fully clarified. CB1 receptors are suggested to be responsible for the analgesic effect of THC, while CB2 receptors may account for its immunomodulatory properties. Unlike THC, CBD has a very low affinity for both CB1 and CB2 receptors, and behaves as their negative allosteric modulator. CBD activity, as a CB2 receptor inverse agonist, could be important for CBD anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we discuss the chemical properties and bioavailability of THC and CBD, their main mechanisms of action, and their role in oxidative stress and inflammation.
大麻科（L.）植物自古以来就被用于生产纤维、油以及药用。精神活性成分δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）和非精神活性成分大麻二酚（CBD）是大麻的主要药理活性化合物。长期以来，这些化合物一直受到广泛研究，并且其强大的抗氧化和抗炎特性已有报道，尽管其详细作用机制尚未完全阐明。CB1受体被认为是THC镇痛作用的原因，而CB2受体可能与其免疫调节特性有关。与THC不同，CBD对CB1和CB2受体的亲和力都非常低，并表现为它们的负变构调节剂。CBD作为CB2受体反向激动剂的活性，可能对其抗炎特性很重要。在本综述中，我们讨论了THC和CBD的化学性质和生物利用度、它们的主要作用机制以及它们在氧化应激和炎症中的作用。
