Kaseb Mohamed Omar, Umer Muhammad Jawad, Anees Muhammad, Zhu Hongju, Zhao Shengjie, Lu Xuqiang, He Nan, El-Remaly Eman, El-Eslamboly Ahmed, Yousef Ahmed F, Salama Ehab A A, Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad, Kalaji Hazem M, Liu Wenge
Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China.
Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12119, Egypt.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Apr 11;11(4):575. doi: 10.3390/biology11040575.
Watermelon () is a popular crop worldwide. Compared to diploid seeded watermelon, triploid seedless watermelon cultivars are in great demand. Grafting in triploid and tetraploid watermelon produces few seedlings. To learn more about how genome duplication affects graft compatibility, we compared the transcriptomes of tetraploid and diploid watermelons grafted on squash rootstock using a splicing technique. WGCNA was used to compare the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between diploid and tetraploid watermelon grafted seedlings at 0, 3, and 15 days after grafting (DAG). Only four gene networks/modules correlated significantly with phenotypic characteristics. We found 11 genes implicated in hormone, AOX, and starch metabolism in these modules based on intramodular significance and RT-qPCR. Among these genes, two were linked with IAA (r = 0.81), one with ZR (r = 0.85) and one with POD (r = 0.74). In the MElightsteelblue1 module, gene was linked with CAT (r = 0.81). Two genes from the MEivory module, and , were highly linked with SOD (r = 0.72). and from the MEdarkolivegreen module were associated with sugars and starch (r = 0.87). Tetraploid grafted seedlings had higher survival rates and hormone, AOX, sugar, and starch levels than diploids. We believe that compatibility is a complicated issue that requires further molecular research. We found that genome duplication dramatically altered gene expression in the grafted plants' IAA and ZR signal transduction pathways and AOX biosynthesis pathways, regulating hormone levels and improving plant survival.
西瓜（）是一种在全球广受欢迎的作物。与二倍体有籽西瓜相比，三倍体无籽西瓜品种的需求量很大。三倍体和四倍体西瓜嫁接产生的幼苗很少。为了更深入了解基因组加倍如何影响嫁接亲和性，我们使用一种剪接技术比较了嫁接在南瓜砧木上的四倍体和二倍体西瓜的转录组。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）用于比较嫁接后0、3和15天（DAG）二倍体和四倍体西瓜嫁接幼苗之间差异表达基因（DEG）的表达。只有四个基因网络/模块与表型特征显著相关。基于模块内显著性和逆转录定量PCR（RT-qPCR），我们在这些模块中发现了11个与激素、抗氰呼吸途径（AOX）和淀粉代谢相关的基因。在这些基因中，两个与生长素（IAA）相关（r = 0.81），一个与玉米素（ZR）相关（r = 0.85），一个与过氧化物酶（POD）相关（r = 0.74）。在ME亮钢蓝1模块中，基因与过氧化氢酶（CAT）相关（r = 0.81）。来自ME象牙色模块的两个基因，和，与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）高度相关（r = 0.72）。来自ME深橄榄绿模块的和与糖类和淀粉相关（r = 0.87）。四倍体嫁接幼苗的存活率以及激素、AOX、糖类和淀粉水平均高于二倍体。我们认为亲和性是一个复杂的问题，需要进一步的分子研究。我们发现基因组加倍显著改变了嫁接植物生长素和玉米素信号转导途径以及抗氰呼吸途径生物合成途径中的基因表达，调节激素水平并提高植物存活率。
