Bryanskaya Alla V, Shipova Aleksandra A, Rozanov Alexei S, Kolpakova Oxana A, Lazareva Elena V, Uvarova Yulia E, Efimov Vadim M, Zhmodik Sergey M, Taran Oxana P, Goryachkovskaya Tatyana N, Peltek Sergey E
Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnologies, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Kurchatov Genomics Center, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Apr 15;11(4):605. doi: 10.3390/biology11040605.
In the south of western Siberia (Russia), there are many unique and unexplored soda, saline, and freshwater lakes. In this study, the results are presented on microbial diversity, its metabolic potential, and their relation with a set of geochemical parameters for a hypersaline lake ecosystem in the Novosibirsk region (Oblast). The metagenomic approach used in this work allowed us to determine the composition and structure of a floating microbial community, the upper layer of silt, and the strata of bottom sediments in a natural saline lake via two bioinformatic approaches, whose results are in good agreement with each other. In the floating microbial community and in the upper layers of the bottom sediment, bacteria of the Proteobacteria (Gammaproteobacteria), Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla were found to predominate. The lower layers were dominated by Proteobacteria (mainly Deltaproteobacteria), Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, and Archaea. Metabolic pathways were reconstructed to investigate the metabolic potential of the microbial communities and other hypothetical roles of the microbial communities in the biogeochemical cycle. Relations between different taxa of microorganisms were identified, as was their potential role in biogeochemical transformations of C, N, and S in a comparative structural analysis that included various ecological niches.
在西西伯利亚（俄罗斯）南部，有许多独特且未被探索的苏打湖、盐湖和淡水湖。在本研究中，展示了新西伯利亚地区（州）一个超盐湖生态系统的微生物多样性、其代谢潜力以及它们与一组地球化学参数之间关系的研究结果。本研究采用的宏基因组学方法使我们能够通过两种生物信息学方法确定天然盐湖中漂浮微生物群落、上层淤泥和底部沉积物各层的组成和结构，两种方法的结果相互吻合。在漂浮微生物群落和底部沉积物上层中，发现变形菌门（γ-变形菌纲）、蓝细菌门和拟杆菌门的细菌占主导地位。下层则以变形菌门（主要是δ-变形菌纲）、芽单胞菌门、厚壁菌门和古菌为主。重建了代谢途径以研究微生物群落的代谢潜力以及微生物群落在生物地球化学循环中的其他假定作用。在包括各种生态位的比较结构分析中，确定了不同微生物分类群之间的关系以及它们在碳、氮和硫生物地球化学转化中的潜在作用。
