Atıcı Ali Rıza, Kamiş Okan, Edriss Saeid, Peker Coşkun, Bonaiuto Vincenzo, Bowman Thomas G, Nobari Hadi
Department of Sports and Health, Aksaray University, Aksaray, 68100, Turkey.
Sports Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 15;15(1):1983. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86507-9.
During breaks or playing period changes, players' accumulated workload, physiological alterations, body composition factors, sleep, and health-related qualities can factor into soccer performance. This research examined the impact of prolonged pauses, including breaks due to the 2022 FIFA World Cup and an earthquake tragedy, on running displacements and ball in-play duration during the 2022/23 Turkish Super League season. The secondary purpose was to determine the relationship between performance metrics and competition outcomes (i.e., wins, losses, or draws). 550 players from 19 Turkish Super League teams were included. Performance metrics such as running speed, accelerations/number of speed actions, total field coverage, and match outcomes (i.e., win, lose, or draw) were analyzed before and after significant pauses in play. We also explored correlations between running speed, number of speed actions, match duration, and total distance covered to understand their influence on soccer performance. Significant differences existed in performance metrics between periods, with higher total displacement and running observed after the World Cup (p < 0.05). Additionally, teams exhibiting more static behavior during matches were likelier to lose points, while those running at higher speeds (p = 0.007) and acceleration (p = 0.008) had a higher winning probability. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors affecting success or failure in soccer matches and have implications for training and preparation strategies in professional soccer. In addition, findings illustrate how breaks influence performance metrics and highlight the challenges coaches face in maintaining player readiness during unplanned pauses. This suggests minimizing such disruptions to support optimal training and preparation strategies in professional soccer.
在中场休息或比赛时段变化期间，球员的累积工作量、生理变化、身体成分因素、睡眠以及与健康相关的素质都会对足球表现产生影响。本研究考察了包括因2022年国际足联世界杯和一场地震悲剧导致的休息在内的长时间停顿，对2022/23赛季土耳其超级联赛中球员跑步位移和球在比赛中的持续时间的影响。次要目的是确定表现指标与比赛结果（即胜、负或平）之间的关系。研究纳入了来自19支土耳其超级联赛球队的550名球员。对比赛中重大停顿前后的跑步速度、加速/速度动作次数、全场覆盖范围等表现指标以及比赛结果（即胜、负或平）进行了分析。我们还探讨了跑步速度、速度动作次数、比赛时长和总跑动距离之间的相关性，以了解它们对足球表现的影响。不同时段的表现指标存在显著差异，世界杯之后观察到总位移和跑步距离更高（p < 0.05）。此外，比赛中表现出更多静态行为的球队更有可能失分，而那些跑步速度更高（p = 0.007）和加速更快（p = 0.008）的球队获胜概率更高。这些发现为影响足球比赛成败的因素提供了有价值的见解，并对职业足球的训练和准备策略具有启示意义。此外，研究结果说明了停顿如何影响表现指标，并突出了教练在计划外停顿时保持球员准备状态所面临的挑战。这表明应尽量减少此类干扰，以支持职业足球的最佳训练和准备策略。
