Central Laboratories, Beijing Luhe Clinical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101199, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Biomolecules. 2022 Apr 6;12(4):550. doi: 10.3390/biom12040550.
Gallstone disease is a common pathology of the digestive system with nearly a 10-20% incidence rate among adults. The mainstay of treatment is cholecystectomy, which is commonly associated with physical pain and may also seriously affect a patient's quality of life. Clinical research suggests that cholelithiasis is closely related to the age, gender, body mass index, and other basic physical characteristics of patients. Clinical research further suggests that the occurrence of cholelithiasis is related to obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver, and other diseases. For this reason, we reviewed the following: genetic factors; excessive liver cholesterol secretion (causing cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile); accelerated growth of cholesterol crystals and solid cholesterol crystals; gallbladder motility impairment; and cardiovascular factors. Herein, we summarize and analyze the causes and mechanisms of cholelithiasis, discuss its correlation with the pathogenesis of related diseases, and discuss possible mechanisms.
胆囊疾病是一种常见的消化系统病理学，在成年人中的发病率接近 10-20%。其主要治疗方法是胆囊切除术，但这种治疗方法常伴有身体疼痛，也可能严重影响患者的生活质量。临床研究表明，胆结石与患者的年龄、性别、体重指数等基本身体特征密切相关。临床研究进一步表明，胆结石的发生与肥胖、糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝等疾病有关。因此，我们回顾了以下几个方面：遗传因素；肝脏胆固醇分泌过多（导致胆囊胆汁中胆固醇过饱和）；胆固醇晶体和固体胆固醇晶体的生长加速；胆囊运动功能障碍；心血管因素。在此，我们总结和分析了胆结石的病因和发病机制，讨论了其与相关疾病发病机制的相关性，并探讨了可能的机制。
